Miller Devin T, Roque Dana M, Santin Alessandro D
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015 Jun;212(6):725-35. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.12.029. Epub 2015 Jan 8.
Peripartum hemorrhage accounts for 8% of maternal deaths in the United States, and nearly 27% worldwide. A growing need exists for tactics to spare morbidity given a rise of abnormal placentation that contributes to excessive blood loss at the time of delivery. Approaches such as compression sutures, balloon tamponade, and pelvic artery embolization are not without side effects and potential implications for future fertility. The use of topical hemostatic agents has become widespread in gynecologic and obstetric surgery despite a paucity of distinct studies in the field, and may allow providers to increasingly avoid cesarean hysterectomy. A variety of topical hemostatic agents exist along a wide cost continuum, each characterized by specific efficacy, advantages, drawbacks, and often gaps in long-term data to support safety and impact on future fertility. Herein, we comprehensively review these agents and illustrate a nontraditional use of Monsel solution applied directly to the placental bed in a case of focal placenta accreta. This ultimately contributed to successful uterine preservation with no known adverse sequelae. Monsel solution may have a role in establishing hemostasis in the setting of abnormal placentation, and may be a particularly attractive alternative in resource-poor nations.
在美国,产后出血占孕产妇死亡的8%,在全球范围内这一比例接近27%。鉴于异常胎盘植入增加,导致分娩时失血过多,对于减少发病的策略需求日益增长。诸如压迫缝合、球囊压迫和盆腔动脉栓塞等方法并非没有副作用,且对未来生育可能有潜在影响。尽管该领域明确的研究较少,但局部止血剂在妇产科手术中的应用已变得广泛,并且可能使医疗人员越来越多地避免行剖宫产子宫切除术。沿着广泛的成本范围存在多种局部止血剂,每种都具有特定的功效、优点、缺点,而且长期数据往往存在空白,无法支持其安全性及对未来生育的影响。在此,我们全面回顾这些药物,并举例说明在一例局灶性胎盘植入病例中,将孟塞尔溶液直接应用于胎盘床的非传统用法。这最终促成了子宫的成功保留,且无已知的不良后遗症。孟塞尔溶液可能在异常胎盘植入情况下起到止血作用,在资源匮乏国家可能是一种特别有吸引力的替代方法。