Upadhyay A K, Neely J A
Department of Surgery, Crawley Hospital, Crawley, Sussex.
Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1989 Nov;71(6):381-3.
Cystic nephroma is a rare lesion, but there has been an increased number of cases reported in the recent literature. Most cases have been discovered incidentally either on routine examination or during radiological investigations. There are two peaks of incidence, one in childhood and one in middle age and the condition is often wrongly presumed to be a malignant tumor. Cystic nephroma is a benign neoplasm and it can be confidently diagnosed using modern imaging techniques and tissue analysis. Classically, the treatment of cystic nephroma has been simple nephrectomy, although a few cases have been treated by enucleation. Simple nephrectomy is the treatment of choice in children as the diagnosis in the young is less exact and a cure is assured. In some adult patients it is reasonable to pursue a conservative policy with regular clinical and ultrasound examinations.
囊性肾瘤是一种罕见的病变，但近期文献报道的病例数量有所增加。大多数病例是在常规检查或影像学检查时偶然发现的。发病率有两个高峰，一个在儿童期，一个在中年期，这种情况常常被错误地假定为恶性肿瘤。囊性肾瘤是一种良性肿瘤，使用现代成像技术和组织分析可以明确诊断。传统上，囊性肾瘤的治疗方法是单纯肾切除术，不过也有少数病例采用了剜除术。对于儿童患者，单纯肾切除术是首选治疗方法，因为儿童的诊断不太准确，而这种治疗方法能确保治愈。对于一些成年患者，采取定期临床和超声检查的保守策略是合理的。
