Carleton Carla L, Donahue J Michael, Marteniuk Judith V, Sells Stephen F, Timoney Peter J
Michigan State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Dept. LCS, East Lansing, MI, USA.
University of Kentucky Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Lexington, KY 40511, USA.
Anim Reprod Sci. 2015 Feb;153:62-8. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.12.002. Epub 2014 Dec 20.
This study was undertaken to investigate the bacterial and fungal microflora on the external genitalia of a population of healthy male donkeys in the state of Michigan, USA. The aim was to identify and determine the frequency of occurrence of these microorganisms using seven different isolation media and standard microbiological procedures. The sites (urethral fossa [fossa glandis], dorsal diverticulum of the urethral sinus, distal urethra, and penile surface) in the distal reproductive tract were cultured and each isolated microorganism identified. Ten different genera of gram-positive bacteria, eight different genera of gram-negative bacteria, and two genera of fungi were isolated from the external genitalia of the 43 donkeys in this study. All 43 donkeys yielded gram-positive bacteria (2-8 species) from all four sites sampled. Arcanobacterium spp., Corynebacterium spp., and Bacillus spp. were the most frequently isolated gram-positive bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria were cultured from 16 (37.2%) of the 43 donkeys, with Acinetobacterlwoffii (16.3%), Oligella urethralis (11.6%), and Taylorellaasinigenitalis (9.3%), the most frequently isolated. Fungi were cultured from only 5 (11.6%) of the 43 donkeys, with Rhizopus spp. isolated from 3 (7.0%) and Cladosporium spp. from 2 (4.7%) individuals. The testes and epididymides collected from 40 donkeys at time of castration were culture negative. Few differences were found in the bacterial flora between prepubertal and mature intact and castrated donkeys. Of notable interest was the scarcity of known equine pathogens across the population tested and isolation of T. asinigenitalis from normal donkeys, especially prepubertal individuals and previously castrated males.
本研究旨在调查美国密歇根州一群健康雄性驴外生殖器上的细菌和真菌微生物群落。目的是使用七种不同的分离培养基和标准微生物学程序来鉴定并确定这些微生物的出现频率。对远端生殖道中的部位（尿道窝[尿道球腺窝]、尿道窦背侧憩室、尿道远端和阴茎表面）进行培养，并对每种分离出的微生物进行鉴定。本研究从43头驴的外生殖器中分离出10个不同属的革兰氏阳性菌、8个不同属的革兰氏阴性菌和2个属的真菌。所有43头驴在所有四个采样部位均检出革兰氏阳性菌（2 - 8种）。隐秘杆菌属、棒状杆菌属和芽孢杆菌属是最常分离出的革兰氏阳性菌。43头驴中有16头（37.2%）培养出革兰氏阴性菌，其中沃氏不动杆菌（16.3%）、尿道寡源杆菌（11.6%）和马源泰勒菌（9.3%）是最常分离出的。仅43头驴中的5头（11.6%）培养出真菌，其中根霉属从3头（7.0%）驴中分离出，枝孢属从2头（4.7%）驴中分离出。在阉割时从40头驴采集的睾丸和附睾培养结果为阴性。在青春期前、成熟未阉割和阉割后的驴之间，细菌菌群几乎没有差异。值得注意的是，在所检测的整个群体中已知马病原体稀少，并且从正常驴尤其是青春期前个体和先前阉割过的雄性驴中分离出马源泰勒菌。
