Tsai Sandra A, Lv Nan, Xiao Lan, Ma Jun
Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Am J Mens Health. 2016 Sep;10(5):389-98. doi: 10.1177/1557988314567223. Epub 2015 Jan 15.
Few studies have used nationally representative data to focus specifically on gender differences in weight-related outcomes. This article examines gender differences in weight-related outcomes across the body mass index (BMI) spectrum in overweight and obese adults. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2010 was analyzed. Weight-related outcomes were accurate weight perception, weight dissatisfaction, attempted weight loss, successful weight loss, and weight loss strategies. Compared with women, overweight and obese men were less likely to have accurate weight perception (odds ratio [OR] = 0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.30-0.44), weight dissatisfaction (OR = 0.39; 95% CI = 0.32-0.47), and attempted weight loss (OR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.48-0.63). The modifying effect of gender on these associations decreased as BMI increased. By BMI 35, the mean probability of women and men to have accurate weight perception and weight dissatisfaction was 90%; attempted weight loss was 60% (women) and 50% (men). At lower BMIs, men had up to 40% less probability than women for these weight loss outcomes. Men who attempted weight loss were more likely than women to lose and maintain ≥10 lb over 1 year (OR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.20-1.65) and increase exercise and eat less fat as weight loss strategies; women were more likely to join weight loss programs, take prescription diet pills, and follow special diets. A need exists for male-specific interventions to improve overweight and obese men's likelihood for accurate weight perception, attempted weight loss, and ultimately, successful weight loss.
很少有研究使用具有全国代表性的数据专门关注与体重相关结果中的性别差异。本文研究超重和肥胖成年人在整个体重指数（BMI）范围内与体重相关结果的性别差异。分析了2009 - 2010年国家健康与营养检查调查的数据。与体重相关的结果包括准确的体重认知、体重不满意、尝试减肥、成功减肥以及减肥策略。与女性相比，超重和肥胖男性准确认知体重的可能性较小（优势比[OR]=0.36；95%置信区间[CI]=0.30 - 0.44），体重不满意的可能性较小（OR = 0.39；95% CI = 0.32 - 0.47），尝试减肥的可能性较小（OR = 0.55；95% CI = 0.48 - 0.63）。随着BMI的增加，性别对这些关联的修正作用减弱。BMI达到35时，女性和男性准确认知体重和体重不满意的平均概率为90%；尝试减肥的概率为60%（女性）和50%（男性）。在较低的BMI水平下，男性出现这些减肥结果的可能性比女性低多达40%。尝试减肥的男性比女性更有可能在1年内减掉并维持≥10磅（OR = 1.41；95% CI = 1.20 - 1.65），并将增加运动和减少脂肪摄入作为减肥策略；女性更有可能参加减肥项目、服用处方减肥药并遵循特殊饮食。需要针对男性的干预措施，以提高超重和肥胖男性准确认知体重、尝试减肥并最终成功减肥的可能性。
