Mokari-Yamchi Amin, Rosenkranz Richard R
Maternal and Childhood Obesity Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Prev Med Rep. 2024 Aug 27;46:102873. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102873. eCollection 2024 Oct.
To investigate the frequency of various weight loss strategies among adults in the United States and to explore which weight-loss strategies are associated with several demographic factors.
The study utilized 2017-2020 data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Adult participants (N = 3,130) who had tried to lose weight during the past year were included. Pregnant women and individuals under age 20y were excluded. Weight-loss strategies were categorized into 6 groups: consuming more healthy options (e.g., more fruits); consuming less un-healthy options (e.g., junk food); quality of diet changes (e.g., changed eating habits); assisted weight-loss method (e.g., special diet); exercising; and un-healthy strategies (e.g., vomiting). Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95%CIs were calculated using weighted logistic regression models.
The most frequently employed strategies to achieve weight loss were exercising (60.6%), consuming less un-healthy options (60.4%), and drinking a lot of water (55.3%). Un-healthy strategies were less prevalent among older individuals (aOR:0.46 [95% CI:0.37-0.58]) and those with higher incomes (aOR:0.69 [95% CI:0.54-0.89]). Conversely, individuals with obesity class I (aOR:1.85 [95% CI:1.38-2.48]) and obesity class II/III (aOR:1.69 [95% CI:1.27-2.25) showed an increased likelihood of adopting unhealthy strategies. Similarly, widowed individuals (aOR:1.31 [95% CI:1.03-1.66]) and those who have never been married (aOR:1.36 [95% CI:1.09-1.69]) exhibited a higher tendency for such behaviors compared to married individuals.
The likelihood of using various weight-loss methods differs based on demographic characteristics. Recognizing these tendencies can guide public health initiatives and customized strategies for weight control.
调查美国成年人中各种减肥策略的使用频率，并探讨哪些减肥策略与若干人口统计学因素相关。
该研究使用了来自美国国家健康与营养检查调查2017 - 2020年的数据。纳入了在过去一年中试图减肥的成年参与者（N = 3130）。排除孕妇和20岁以下的个体。减肥策略分为6组：选择更健康的食物（例如，多吃水果）；减少不健康食物的摄入（例如，垃圾食品）；饮食质量改变（例如，改变饮食习惯）；辅助减肥方法（例如，特殊饮食）；锻炼；以及不健康策略（例如，催吐）。使用加权逻辑回归模型计算调整后的优势比（aORs）和95%置信区间（CIs）。
最常采用的减肥策略是锻炼（60.6%）、减少不健康食物的摄入（60.4%）和大量饮水（55.3%）。不健康策略在老年人（aOR：0.46 [95% CI：0.37 - 0.58]）和高收入者（aOR：0.69 [95% CI：0.54 - 0.89]）中不太常见。相反，I类肥胖个体（aOR：1.85 [95% CI：1.38 - 2.48]）和II/III类肥胖个体（aOR：1.69 [95% CI：1.27 - 2.25]）采用不健康策略的可能性增加。同样，与已婚个体相比，丧偶个体（aOR：1.31 [95% CI：1.03 - 1.66]）和从未结婚的个体（aOR：1.36 [95% CI：1.09 - 1.69]）表现出更高的此类行为倾向。
使用各种减肥方法的可能性因人口统计学特征而异。认识到这些倾向可以指导公共卫生倡议和定制的体重控制策略。
