Marseglia Lucia, Manti Sara, D'Angelo Gabriella, Cuppari Caterina, Salpietro Vincenzo, Filippelli Martina, Trovato Antonio, Gitto Eloisa, Salpietro Carmelo, Arrigo Teresa
Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Women Birth. 2015 Jun;28(2):81-6. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2014.12.007. Epub 2015 Jan 14.
Obesity and attendant co-morbidities are an emergent problem in public health. Much attention has focused on prevention, especially during the perinatal period. Breastfeeding is considered a possible protective factor for obesity in childhood, influencing gene-neuroendocrine-environment-lifestyle interaction. Therefore, breastfeeding and its longer duration are probably associated with lower development of childhood obesity. Through human milk, but not formula, the child assumes greater bioactive factors contributing to immunological, endocrine, development, neural and psychological benefits. Contrarily, other studies did not confirm a critical role of breast milk. Confounding factors, especially maternal pre-pregnancy overweight, may influence breastfeeding effects. This review summarises what is known about the possible relationship between breastfeeding and prevention of obesity development.
Breastfeeding appears to represent a protective factor for obesity in childhood, although evidence is still controversial and underlying mechanisms unclear. Further research is needed to improve knowledge on overweight/obesity and breastfeeding.
肥胖及其相关合并症是公共卫生领域一个新出现的问题。很多注意力都集中在预防上，尤其是围产期。母乳喂养被认为是儿童肥胖的一个可能的保护因素，影响基因 - 神经内分泌 - 环境 - 生活方式的相互作用。因此，母乳喂养及其较长的持续时间可能与儿童肥胖发生率较低有关。通过母乳而非配方奶，儿童获得更多有助于免疫、内分泌、发育、神经和心理益处的生物活性因子。相反，其他研究并未证实母乳的关键作用。混杂因素，尤其是母亲孕前超重，可能会影响母乳喂养的效果。本综述总结了关于母乳喂养与预防肥胖发生之间可能关系的已知情况。
母乳喂养似乎是儿童肥胖的一个保护因素，尽管证据仍存在争议且潜在机制尚不清楚。需要进一步研究以增进对超重/肥胖和母乳喂养的了解。
