Kim A I, Beliaeva E S, Larkina Z G, Aslanian M M
Genetika. 1989 Oct;25(10):1747-56.
Laboratory mutator strain of Drosophila melanogaster is characterized by increased (up to 10(-3)-10(-4) frequency of spontaneous mutability. Mutations appear in premeiotic stages of gametes development. The majority of mutations were unstable (high frequencies of reversions, appearance of new mutations at the same and other loci, replicating instability). Localization of mobile elements mdg1, mdg2, mdg3, mdg4, copia and P element in X chromosomes of mutator individuals and its mutations y, ct, sbt was studied by hybridization in situ. In all strains P element was absent. The distribution of mdg1, mdg2, mdg3 and copia was identical in mutator strains and its derivatives, but distribution of mdg4 was different. The essential heterogeneity in localization of mdg4 and increased (up to 30-40) copy number in the mutator strain individuals was observed. The ability of single element mdg4 to autonomous transpositions was thus shown.
黑腹果蝇的实验室突变菌株的特点是自发突变率增加（高达10^(-3)-10^(-4)）。突变出现在配子发育的减数分裂前期阶段。大多数突变是不稳定的（回复突变频率高，在相同和其他位点出现新突变，复制不稳定）。通过原位杂交研究了突变个体X染色体中移动元件mdg1、mdg2、mdg3、mdg4、copia和P元件及其突变y、ct、sbt的定位。在所有菌株中均不存在P元件。mdg1、mdg2、mdg3和copia在突变菌株及其衍生物中的分布相同，但mdg4的分布不同。观察到mdg4定位的本质异质性以及突变菌株个体中拷贝数增加（高达30-40）。因此表明了单个元件mdg4的自主转座能力。
