McGovern Pauline, Nazroo James Y
Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research, School of Social Science, University of Manchester.
Sociol Health Illn. 2015 Jan;37(1):143-60. doi: 10.1111/1467-9566.12187.
This study explores the relationship between social class and health change in older people in a path analysis, using data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (n = 6241) in a Bourdieusian theoretical framework. Bourdieu drew a distinction between the occupational characteristics by which people are classified and the secondary properties of class that relate to lifestyle (economic, cultural and social capitals). Our path model includes both occupational and secondary characteristics of objective social class as well as a measure of subjective social class. We investigate the effects of the predictors on change in three health outcomes (self-rated health, number of symptoms of depression and number of difficulties with the activities of daily living). The analysis adds to Bourdieusian research by showing how the effects of objective social class on health are partially mediated by perceived social status. It also adds to substantive research on the relationship between class and health by suggesting that class-related health inequalities do persist for older people, even for those who are not in paid employment. It suggests that a large amount of the effect of occupation on the health of older people is not direct but indirect; through their personal wealth and lifestyle.
本研究在布迪厄理论框架下，利用英国老年纵向研究（样本量n = 6241）的数据，通过路径分析探讨老年人社会阶层与健康变化之间的关系。布迪厄区分了用于对人们进行分类的职业特征以及与生活方式相关的阶层二级属性（经济、文化和社会资本）。我们的路径模型既包括客观社会阶层的职业和二级特征，也包括主观社会阶层的衡量指标。我们研究了预测因素对三种健康结果变化的影响（自评健康状况、抑郁症状数量以及日常生活活动困难数量）。该分析通过展示客观社会阶层对健康的影响如何部分地由感知社会地位介导，为布迪厄式研究增添了内容。它还通过表明与阶层相关的健康不平等在老年人中确实持续存在，甚至对于那些没有有偿工作的老年人也是如此，为阶层与健康关系的实证研究增添了内容。研究表明，职业对老年人健康的大量影响不是直接的，而是间接的；是通过他们的个人财富和生活方式产生的。
