The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China,
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Jun;22(12):9332-44. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-4058-2. Epub 2015 Jan 21.
Total concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, and Ni) were measured among 63 samples of construction and demolition (C&D) wastes collected from chemical, metallurgical and light industries, and residential and recycled aggregates within China for risk assessment. The heavy metal contamination was primarily concentrated in the chemical and metallurgical industries, especially in the electroplating factory and zinc smelting plant. High concentrations of Cd were found in light industry samples, while the residential and recycled aggregate samples were severely polluted by Zn. Six most polluted samples were selected for deep research. Mineralogical analysis by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry and X-ray diffraction (XRD), combined with element speciation through European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction, revealed that a relatively slight corrosion happened in the four samples from electroplating plants but high transfer ability for large quantities of Zn and Cu. Lead arsenate existed in the acid extractable fraction in CI7-8 and potassium chromium oxide existed in the mobility fraction. High concentration of Cr could be in amorphous forms existing in CI9. The high content of sodium in the two samples from zinc smelter plants suggested severe deposition and erosion on the workshop floor. Large quantities of Cu existed as copper halide and most of the Zn appeared to be zinc, zinc oxide, barium zinc oxide, and zincite. From the results of the risk assessment code (RAC), the samples from the electroplating factory posed a very high risk of Zn, Cu, and Cr, a high risk of Ni, a middle risk of Pb, and a low risk of Cd. The samples from the zinc smelting plant presented a high risk of Zn, a middle risk of Cu, and a low risk of Pb, Cr, Cd, and Ni.
共采集了 63 份来自中国化学、冶金和轻工业以及住宅和再生骨料的建筑和拆除（C&D）废物的样本，测量了其中的重金属（Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd 和 Ni）总浓度，以进行风险评估。重金属污染主要集中在化学和冶金工业，特别是电镀厂和锌冶炼厂。轻工业样本中发现 Cd 浓度较高，而住宅和再生骨料样本则受到 Zn 的严重污染。选择了六个污染最严重的样本进行深入研究。通过 X 射线荧光（XRF）光谱和 X 射线衍射（XRD）进行矿物学分析，并通过欧洲共同体参考局（BCR）顺序提取进行元素形态分析，结果表明四个来自电镀厂的样本发生了轻微腐蚀，但 Zn 和 Cu 的大量转移能力较高。在 CI7-8 的酸可提取部分存在砷酸铅，在迁移部分存在铬酸钾。CI9 中可能存在大量无定形的 Cr。锌冶炼厂两个样本中的高浓度 Na 表明车间地板上存在严重的沉积和侵蚀。大量的 Cu 以铜卤化物的形式存在，大部分 Zn 似乎是锌、氧化锌、钡锌氧化物和锌华。根据风险评估码（RAC）的结果，电镀厂的样本对 Zn、Cu 和 Cr 具有很高的风险，对 Ni 具有高风险，对 Pb 具有中风险，对 Cd 具有低风险。锌冶炼厂的样本对 Zn 具有高风险，对 Cu 具有中风险，对 Pb、Cr、Cd 和 Ni 具有低风险。
