Orchard Jeff
Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
Neural Comput. 2015 Mar;27(3):548-60. doi: 10.1162/NECO_a_00701. Epub 2015 Jan 20.
Navigation and path integration in rodents seems to involve place cells, grid cells, and theta oscillations (4-12 Hz) in the local field potential. Two main theories have been proposed to explain the neurological underpinnings of how these phenomena relate to navigation and to each other. Attractor network (AN) models revolve around the idea that local excitation and long-range inhibition connectivity can spontaneously generate grid-cell-like activity patterns. Oscillator interference (OI) models propose that spatial patterns of activity are caused by the interference patterns between neural oscillators. In rats, these oscillators have a frequency close to the theta frequency. Recent studies have shown that bats do not exhibit a theta cycle when they crawl, and yet they still have grid cells. This has been interpreted as a criticism of OI models. However, OI models do not require theta oscillations. We explain why the absence of theta oscillations does not contradict OI models and discuss how the two families of models might be distinguished experimentally.
啮齿动物的导航和路径整合似乎涉及位置细胞、网格细胞以及局部场电位中的θ振荡（4 - 12赫兹）。已经提出了两种主要理论来解释这些现象如何与导航以及它们彼此之间相关的神经学基础。吸引子网络（AN）模型围绕局部兴奋和长程抑制连接性可以自发产生类似网格细胞的活动模式这一观点展开。振荡器干扰（OI）模型提出，活动的空间模式是由神经振荡器之间的干扰模式引起的。在大鼠中，这些振荡器的频率接近θ频率。最近的研究表明，蝙蝠爬行时不会表现出θ周期，但它们仍然有网格细胞。这被解释为对OI模型的一种批评。然而，OI模型并不需要θ振荡。我们解释了为什么没有θ振荡并不与OI模型相矛盾，并讨论了如何通过实验区分这两类模型。
