Kim Jong-Shik, Lee Keun Chul, Kim Dae-Shin, Ko Suk-Hyung, Jung Man-Young, Rhee Sung-Keun, Lee Jung-Sook
Gyeongbuk Institute for Marine Bioindustry, Uljin, 767-813, Korea.
Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 305-806, Korea.
Microbiologyopen. 2015 Apr;4(2):301-312. doi: 10.1002/mbo3.238. Epub 2015 Jan 21.
In this study, we analyzed the bacterial diversity in soils collected from Gyorae Gotjawal forest, where globally unique topography, geology, and ecological features support a forest grown on basalt flows from 110,000 to 120,000 years ago and 40,000 to 50,000 years ago. The soils at the site are fertile, with rocky areas, and are home to endangered species of plants and animals. Rainwater penetrates to the groundwater aquifer, which is composed of 34% organic matter containing rare types of soil and no soil profile. We determined the bacterial community composition using 116,475 reads from a 454-pyrosequencing analysis. This dataset included 12,621 operational taxonomic units at 3% dissimilarity, distributed among the following groups: Proteobacteria (56.2%) with 45.7% of α-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria (25%), Acidobacteria (10.9%), Chloroflexi (2.4%), and Bacteroidetes (0.9%). In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequences were amplified using polymerase chain reaction and domain-specific primers to construct a clone library based on 142 bacterial clones. These clones were affiliated with the following groups: Proteobacteria (56%) with 51% of α-Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria (7.8%), Actinobacteria (17.6%), Chloroflexi (2.1%), Bacilli (1.4%), Cyanobacteria (2.8%), and Planctomycetes (1.4%). Within the phylum Proteobacteria, 56 of 80 clones were tentatively identified as 12 unclassified genera. Several new genera and a new family were discovered within the Actinobacteria clones. Results from 454-pyrosequencing revealed that 57% and 34% of the sequences belonged to undescribed genera and families, respectively. The characteristics of Gotjawal soil, which are determined by lava morphology, vegetation, and groundwater penetration, might be reflected in the bacterial community composition.
在本研究中，我们分析了从居罗岳喀斯特森林采集的土壤中的细菌多样性。该森林具有全球独特的地形、地质和生态特征，其上生长着可追溯至11万至12万年前以及4万至5万年前玄武岩流形成的森林。该地点的土壤肥沃，有岩石区域，是濒危动植物的栖息地。雨水渗透到地下含水层，该含水层由34%的有机物质组成，含有稀有类型的土壤且无土壤剖面。我们使用454焦磷酸测序分析的116475条读数确定了细菌群落组成。该数据集包含12621个在3%差异水平下的操作分类单元，分布在以下类群中：变形菌门（56.2%），其中α-变形菌纲占45.7%，放线菌门（25%），酸杆菌门（10.9%），绿弯菌门（2.4%），拟杆菌门（0.9%）。此外，使用聚合酶链反应和结构域特异性引物扩增16S rRNA基因序列，以基于142个细菌克隆构建克隆文库。这些克隆隶属于以下类群：变形菌门（56%），其中α-变形菌纲占51%，酸杆菌门（7.8%），放线菌门（17.6%），绿弯菌门（2.1%），芽孢杆菌纲（1.4%），蓝细菌门（2.8%），浮霉菌门（1.4%）。在变形菌门内，80个克隆中的56个初步鉴定为12个未分类属。在放线菌克隆中发现了几个新属和一个新科。454焦磷酸测序结果显示，分别有57%和34%的序列属于未描述的属和科。由熔岩形态、植被和地下水渗透所决定的喀斯特土壤特征可能反映在细菌群落组成中。
