Anesthesia and airway management in two cases of apert syndrome: case reports.

Apert syndrome is a type of acrocephalosyndactilia that consists of craniofacial synostosis, midface hypoplasia and syndactyly, with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. During anesthesia, difficult intubation and ventilation may be observed because of abnormal airways. In one of our patients, visceral anomalies, such as esophageal stricture and post-strictural dilatation, may cause respiratory problems because of aspiration. The second case was a Mallampati grade 2 with craniofacial synostoses, midface hypoplasia and syndactyly. In the case of apert syndrome, anesthetists must be prepared for intubation difficulties, airway and ventilation problems and even visceral anomalies.