Croizier Sophie, Chometton Sandrine, Fellmann Dominique, Risold Pierre-Yves
EA 3922, SFR FED 4234, UFR Sciences Médicales et Pharmaceutiques, Université de Franche-Comté Besançon, France.
Front Neuroanat. 2015 Jan 6;8:161. doi: 10.3389/fnana.2014.00161. eCollection 2014.
Hypothalamic organizational concepts have greatly evolved as the primary hypothalamic pathways have been systematically investigated. In the present review, we describe how the hypothalamus arises from a molecularly heterogeneous region of the embryonic neural tube but is first differentiated as a primary neuronal cell cord (earliest mantle layer). This structure defines two axes that align onto two fundamental components: a longitudinal tractus postopticus(tpoc)/retinian component and a transverse supraoptic tract(sot)/olfactory component. We then discuss how these two axonal tracts guide the formation of all major tracts that connect the telencephalon with the hypothalamus/ventral midbrain, highlighting the existence of an early basic plan in the functional organization of the prosencephalic connectome.
随着下丘脑主要通路得到系统研究，下丘脑的组织学概念有了很大发展。在本综述中，我们描述了下丘脑如何起源于胚胎神经管分子异质性区域，但最初分化为一条初级神经元细胞索（最早的套层）。这种结构定义了两条轴，这两条轴与两个基本成分相对应：一条纵向的视交叉后束（tpoc）/视网膜成分和一条横向的视上束（sot）/嗅觉成分。然后我们讨论这两条轴突束如何引导所有连接端脑与下丘脑/腹侧中脑的主要束的形成，强调前脑连接组功能组织中早期基本规划的存在。
