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全球盖洛普民意调查反映的主观幸福感与人类福祉。

Subjective well-being and human welfare around the world as reflected in the Gallup World Poll.

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of Utah, University of Virginia, The Gallup Organization, Charlottesville, VA, USA.

出版信息

Int J Psychol. 2015 Mar;50(2):135-49. doi: 10.1002/ijop.12136. Epub 2015 Jan 22.

Abstract

We present data on well-being and quality of life in the world, including material quality of life such as not going hungry, physical health quality of life such as longevity, social quality of life such as social support, environmental health such as clean water, equality in income and life satisfaction, and levels of subjective well-being (SWB). There are large differences between nations in SWB, and these are predicted not only by economic development, but also by environmental health, equality and freedom in nations. Improving trends in SWB are seen in many countries, but declining SWB is evident in a few. Besides average differences in SWB between nations, there are also large disparities within many countries. We discuss the policy opportunities provided by national accounts of SWB, which are increasingly being adopted by many societies. They provide the opportunity to inform policy deliberations with well-being information that reflects not only economic development, but also other facets of quality of life as well. National accounts of SWB reflect the quality of life in areas such as health, social relationships and the natural environment, and therefore capture a broader view of societal well-being than afforded by measures of economic progress alone.

摘要

我们呈现了有关全球福祉和生活质量的数据,包括物质生活质量(如不挨饿)、身体健康质量(如长寿)、社会生活质量(如社会支持)、环境卫生(如清洁水)、收入平等和生活满意度,以及主观幸福感 (SWB) 的水平。在 SWB 方面,各国之间存在很大差异,这些差异不仅由经济发展决定,还由国家的环境卫生、平等和自由决定。许多国家的 SWB 呈上升趋势,但也有少数国家的 SWB 呈下降趋势。除了国家之间 SWB 的平均差异外,许多国家内部也存在很大差异。我们讨论了 SWB 国民账户提供的政策机会,越来越多的社会正在采用这些账户。它们提供了机会,使政策审议能够获得幸福感信息,这些信息不仅反映了经济发展,还反映了生活质量的其他方面。SWB 国民账户反映了健康、社会关系和自然环境等领域的生活质量,因此比仅衡量经济进步的措施更能全面反映社会福祉。

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