Li Xinyan, Zhou Qichang, Zhang Ming, Tian Xiaoxian, Zhao Yili
Department of Ultrasound, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China (X.L., Q.Z., M.Z., Y.Z.); and Department of Ultrasound, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, China (X.L., X.T.).
J Ultrasound Med. 2015 Feb;34(2):197-206. doi: 10.7863/ultra.34.2.197.
α-Thalassemia prevails in Southeast Asia, where α-thalassemia major is a lethal type. Sonography is a helpful and cost-effective screening tool for detecting α-thalassemia major fetuses. The cardiothoracic ratio, placental thickness, and middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity are most used in clinical practice. These sensitive markers are helpful for evaluation of the hemodynamic status and cardiovascular function of the affected fetuses. They can predict fetal α-thalassemia major and assess the efficacy of treatment noninvasively; therefore, the medical costs as well as the possibility of fetal loss caused by invasive procedures can be reduced. Other potentially useful sonographic markers need further studies, although previous preliminary research suggests their usefulness. This article will review those sonographic markers.
α地中海贫血在东南亚地区较为普遍，其中重型α地中海贫血是一种致命类型。超声检查是检测重型α地中海贫血胎儿的一种有用且经济高效的筛查工具。心胸比、胎盘厚度和大脑中动脉收缩期峰值流速在临床实践中最为常用。这些敏感指标有助于评估受影响胎儿的血流动力学状态和心血管功能。它们可以预测胎儿重型α地中海贫血，并无创评估治疗效果；因此，可以降低医疗成本以及侵入性操作导致的胎儿丢失风险。其他潜在有用的超声指标需要进一步研究，尽管先前的初步研究表明了它们的有用性。本文将对这些超声指标进行综述。
