Barej W, Harmeyer J
Q J Exp Physiol Cogn Med Sci. 1979 Jan;64(1):31-7. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.1979.sp002456.
The effects of continuous intravenous infusions (6 h) of ammonium chloride (5.6; 11.2; and 16.8 mumol.kg-1.min) on plasma glucose and immunoreactive insulin (I.R.I.) levels were studied in three adult sheep. Infusions of 5.6 and 11.2 mumol.kg-1.min elevated ammonia levels in circulating blood from 100 to 150 and 300 microgram.100 ml-1, respectively, but showed no appreciable effect on plasma glucose and I.R.I. concentrations. Infusion of 16.8 mumol.kg-1.min-1 resulted in a blood ammonia concentration of about 400 microgram.100 ml-1 after six hours of infusion. Blood ammonia returned to normal 1 to 2 hours after the end of infusion. Plasma glucose concentration tended to increase slightly from 65 to 75 mg . 100 ml-1 when 16.8 mumol of NH4Cl were infused kg-1.min-1 and remained at the elevated level at least for two additional hours when ammonia infusions were stopped. Plasma I.R.I. tended to decrease from 48 to 38 microunits . ml-1 during the time of the NH4Cl infusion and increased continually to 82 microunits . ml-1 when NH4Cl infusions were stopped. It is concluded from the time courses of plasma glucose and plasma I.R.I. that the effect of ammonia infusion of these parameters cannot entirely be explained by a regulatory release of adrenaline.
在三只成年绵羊中研究了连续静脉输注（6小时）氯化铵（5.6；11.2；和16.8微摩尔·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹）对血浆葡萄糖和免疫反应性胰岛素（I.R.I.）水平的影响。输注5.6和11.2微摩尔·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹分别使循环血液中的氨水平从100微克·100毫升⁻¹升高至150和300微克·100毫升⁻¹，但对血浆葡萄糖和I.R.I.浓度没有明显影响。输注16.8微摩尔·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹在输注6小时后导致血氨浓度约为400微克·100毫升⁻¹。输注结束后1至2小时血氨恢复正常。当以16.8微摩尔·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹的速度输注NH₄Cl时，血浆葡萄糖浓度倾向于从65毫克·100毫升⁻¹略有升高至75毫克·100毫升⁻¹，并且在停止输注氨后至少在另外两个小时内保持在升高水平。在输注NH₄Cl期间，血浆I.R.I.倾向于从48微单位·毫升⁻¹降至38微单位·毫升⁻¹，而在停止输注NH₄Cl时持续升高至82微单位·毫升⁻¹。从血浆葡萄糖和血浆I.R.I.的时间进程得出结论，氨输注对这些参数的影响不能完全用肾上腺素的调节释放来解释。
