Joshi Divya, Missiuna Cheryl, Hanna Steven, Hay John, Faught Brent E, Cairney John
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Canada; School of Rehabilitation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Hum Mov Sci. 2015 Apr;40:237-47. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2014.12.011. Epub 2015 Jan 23.
Cross-sectional studies have shown that children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) are less likely to be physically active and have excess weight gain. However, longitudinal studies examining the relationship between DCD and measures of body composition (BMI and waist circumference) over time are lacking. It is not known if sex and physical activity affect the relationship between DCD and measures of body composition over time.
(1) To examine if BMI and waist circumference in children with and without probable DCD (pDCD) remain constant over time or change as children age, and whether this relationship varies by sex. (2) To examine if differences in physical activity between children with and without pDCD account for differences in BMI and waist circumference over time.
Physical Health Activity Study Team (PHAST) data were used for this longitudinal analysis. At baseline, a total of 2,278 (pDCD=103) children aged 9-10 years were included in the analysis. The total follow-up period was five years. Mixed-effects modeling was used to estimate change in body composition measures in children over time.
Children with pDCD have higher BMI and waist circumference compared to typically developing children, and this difference increased over the study period. The relationship between pDCD and BMI over time also varied by sex. A similar trend was observed for waist circumference. Boys with pDCD were found to have a more rapid increase in BMI and waist circumference compared to girls with pDCD. Physical activity had neither a mediating nor a moderating effect on the relationship between pDCD and measures of body composition. However, physical activity was independently and negatively associated with measures of body composition.
pDCD is associated with higher body mass and waist circumference, both important risk factors for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and psychological problems and other health conditions.
横断面研究表明，患有发育性协调障碍（DCD）的儿童身体活动较少，体重增加过多。然而，缺乏关于DCD与身体成分测量指标（BMI和腰围）随时间变化关系的纵向研究。尚不清楚性别和身体活动是否会影响DCD与身体成分测量指标之间随时间变化的关系。
（1）研究有或无可能患有DCD（pDCD）的儿童的BMI和腰围是否随时间保持不变或随年龄增长而变化，以及这种关系是否因性别而异。（2）研究有或无pDCD的儿童之间身体活动的差异是否能解释BMI和腰围随时间的差异。
本纵向分析使用了身体健康活动研究团队（PHAST）的数据。基线时，共有2278名（pDCD = 103）9至10岁的儿童纳入分析。总随访期为五年。采用混合效应模型估计儿童身体成分测量指标随时间的变化。
与发育正常的儿童相比，患有pDCD的儿童BMI和腰围更高，且这种差异在研究期间有所增加。pDCD与BMI随时间的关系也因性别而异。腰围也观察到类似趋势。与患有pDCD的女孩相比，患有pDCD的男孩BMI和腰围增加更快。身体活动对pDCD与身体成分测量指标之间的关系既没有中介作用也没有调节作用。然而，身体活动与身体成分测量指标独立且呈负相关。
pDCD与较高的体重和腰围相关，而体重和腰围是心血管疾病、2型糖尿病、心理问题和其他健康状况的重要危险因素。
