Serra Anne-Antonella, Couée Ivan, Renault David, Gouesbet Gwenola, Sulmon Cécile
Université de Rennes 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, Campus de Beaulieu, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
Université de Rennes 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, Campus de Beaulieu, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France
J Exp Bot. 2015 Apr;66(7):1801-16. doi: 10.1093/jxb/eru518. Epub 2015 Jan 24.
Plant communities are confronted with a great variety of environmental chemical stresses. Characterization of chemical stress in higher plants has often been focused on single or closely related stressors under acute exposure, or restricted to a selective number of molecular targets. In order to understand plant functioning under chemical stress conditions close to environmental pollution conditions, the C3 grass Lolium perenne was subjected to a panel of different chemical stressors (pesticide, pesticide degradation compound, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and heavy metal) under conditions of seed-level or root-level subtoxic exposure. Physiological and metabolic profiling analysis on roots and shoots revealed that all of these subtoxic chemical stresses resulted in discrete physiological perturbations and complex metabolic shifts. These metabolic shifts involved stressor-specific effects, indicating multilevel mechanisms of action, such as the effects of glyphosate and its degradation product aminomethylphosphonic acid on quinate levels. They also involved major generic effects that linked all of the subtoxic chemical stresses with major modifications of nitrogen metabolism, especially affecting asparagine, and of photorespiration, especially affecting alanine and glycerate. Stress-related physiological effects and metabolic adjustments were shown to be integrated through a complex network of metabolic correlations converging on Asn, Leu, Ser, and glucose-6-phosphate, which could potentially be modulated by differential dynamics and interconversion of soluble sugars (sucrose, trehalose, fructose, and glucose). Underlying metabolic, regulatory, and signalling mechanisms linking these subtoxic chemical stresses with a generic impact on nitrogen metabolism and photorespiration are discussed in relation to carbohydrate and low-energy sensing.
植物群落面临着各种各样的环境化学胁迫。高等植物化学胁迫的表征通常集中在急性暴露下的单一或密切相关的胁迫因子上，或者局限于少数选择性的分子靶点。为了了解在接近环境污染条件的化学胁迫下植物的功能，对C3禾本科植物多年生黑麦草在种子水平或根水平亚毒性暴露条件下施加一组不同的化学胁迫因子（农药、农药降解化合物、多环芳烃和重金属）。对根和地上部分的生理和代谢谱分析表明，所有这些亚毒性化学胁迫都导致了离散的生理扰动和复杂的代谢变化。这些代谢变化涉及胁迫因子特异性效应，表明存在多水平作用机制，例如草甘膦及其降解产物氨甲基膦酸对奎尼酸水平的影响。它们还涉及主要的一般效应，这些效应将所有亚毒性化学胁迫与氮代谢的主要改变联系起来，特别是影响天冬酰胺，以及与光呼吸的主要改变联系起来，特别是影响丙氨酸和甘油酸。与胁迫相关的生理效应和代谢调节通过一个复杂的代谢关联网络整合在一起，该网络汇聚在天冬酰胺、亮氨酸、丝氨酸和6-磷酸葡萄糖上，这可能会受到可溶性糖（蔗糖、海藻糖、果糖和葡萄糖）的差异动态和相互转化的调节。本文结合碳水化合物和低能量传感，讨论了将这些亚毒性化学胁迫与对氮代谢和光呼吸的一般影响联系起来的潜在代谢、调节和信号传导机制。
