Silveira M M, Oliveira J J, Luchiari A C
Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, P.O. Box 1511, 59078-970 Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
J Fish Biol. 2015 Mar;86(3):1109-20. doi: 10.1111/jfb.12618. Epub 2015 Jan 26.
This study investigated the ability of the dusky damselfish Stegastes fuscus to associate conditioned and unconditioned stimuli (single CS-US) and to find a specific place in a clueless ambiece (spatial learning). After tested for colour preference and showing no specific colour attractively, the fish were trained to associate a colour cue with a stimulus fish (conspecific). Fish were then challenged to locate the exact place where the stimulus fish was presented. Stegastes fuscus spent most time close to the zone where stimulus was presented, even without obvious marks for orientation. The results confirm that S. fuscus show single CS-US learning and suggest the fish ability for spatial orientation. Stegastes fuscus appears to use multiple senses (sight and lateral line) for cues association and recall, and appear to perform relational learning similar to mammals. These data suggest the importance of cognitive skill for reef fishes that may have contributed to their establishment and evolutionary success in such complex environment.
本研究调查了暗带豆娘鱼（Stegastes fuscus）关联条件刺激和非条件刺激（单一条件刺激-非条件刺激）以及在无提示环境中找到特定位置（空间学习）的能力。在对颜色偏好进行测试且未表现出对特定颜色有吸引力之后，对这些鱼进行训练，使其将颜色线索与一条刺激鱼（同种鱼）关联起来。然后，挑战暗带豆娘鱼找到呈现刺激鱼的确切位置。即使没有明显的定向标记，暗带豆娘鱼仍将大部分时间花在靠近呈现刺激物的区域。结果证实，暗带豆娘鱼表现出单一条件刺激-非条件刺激学习，并表明该鱼具有空间定向能力。暗带豆娘鱼似乎利用多种感官（视觉和侧线）进行线索关联和回忆，并且似乎能进行类似于哺乳动物的关系学习。这些数据表明认知技能对珊瑚礁鱼类的重要性，这可能有助于它们在如此复杂的环境中生存和进化成功。
