Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Research (CSAR), Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
J Fish Biol. 2019 Sep;95(3):772-780. doi: 10.1111/jfb.14063. Epub 2019 Jun 18.
We compared the memory of damselfish Stegastes fuscus in an aversive and appetitive conditioning task. Fish were trained to associate the sides of the tank that corresponded to the presence of a positive (conspecific presence) or negative (electroshock) stimulus. After two conditioning sessions, they were tested for learning. The fish conditioned to the stimulus were then re-tested for memory retention after 5, 10 or 15 days. Both the positive and negative rewards were associated with a specific side of the tank, indicating learning ability. Additionally, in both contexts, S. fuscus stored the information learned and showed similar behavioural patterns after 5, 10 and 15 days, suggesting long-lasting memory. For the ecological context, long lasting memories of social encounters outcomes and negative experiences of threatening situations may confer advantages that ultimately affect fishes' fitness.
我们比较了神仙鱼在厌恶和奖赏条件作用任务中的记忆。将鱼训练为将鱼缸的两侧与阳性刺激（同种鱼存在）或阴性刺激（电击）相关联。经过两次条件作用后，对它们进行学习测试。然后，在 5、10 或 15 天后，对与刺激相关的鱼进行记忆保留的重新测试。阳性和阴性奖励都与鱼缸的特定一侧相关联，表明具有学习能力。此外，在两种情况下，S. fuscus 都存储了所学的信息，并且在 5、10 和 15 天后表现出相似的行为模式，表明记忆持久。对于生态背景，对社交遭遇结果和威胁情况的负面经历的长期记忆可能会带来优势，最终影响鱼类的适应度。
