Unusual primary osseous Hodgkin's lymphoma: A case report.

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is one of the few adult malignancies that most frequently presents with a progressive, painless enlargement of the peripheral lymph nodes. A primary osseous presentation of HL, without lymph node involvement, is extremely rare. The present study describes a case of primary multifocal osseous HL in a 22-year-old female. The patient presented with pain in the lumbar-sacral-pelvic area and a prolonged fever. Pathological examination led to a diagnosis of primary multifocal osseous lymphoma, and the patient was subsequently prescribed a course of Adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine (ABVD) chemotherapy. Following this, the patient recovered with no pain or fever, and computed tomography identified no further progression. The clinical, radiological and histological features of HL are similar to those of other medical conditions, such as tuberculosis and eosinophilic granuloma. Furthermore, in rare cases, HL may even occur in combination with multiple myeloma. This makes it difficult to diagnose the condition, which often leads to a delay in treatment. Clinicians should not ignore HL when it manifests in the unusual primary osseous form.