Stowell Sean R, Ju Tongzhong, Cummings Richard D
Departments of 1Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and.
Annu Rev Pathol. 2015;10:473-510. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-012414-040438.
Neoplastic transformation results in a wide variety of cellular alterations that impact the growth, survival, and general behavior of affected tissue. Although genetic alterations underpin the development of neoplastic disease, epigenetic changes can exert an equally significant effect on neoplastic transformation. Among neoplasia-associated epigenetic alterations, changes in cellular glycosylation have recently received attention as a key component of neoplastic progression. Alterations in glycosylation appear to not only directly impact cell growth and survival but also facilitate tumor-induced immunomodulation and eventual metastasis. Many of these changes may support neoplastic progression, and unique alterations in tumor-associated glycosylation may also serve as a distinct feature of cancer cells and therefore provide novel diagnostic and even therapeutic targets.
肿瘤转化会导致多种细胞改变，这些改变会影响受影响组织的生长、存活及一般行为。虽然基因改变是肿瘤性疾病发展的基础，但表观遗传变化对肿瘤转化也可产生同样显著的影响。在与肿瘤形成相关的表观遗传改变中，细胞糖基化的变化最近作为肿瘤进展的关键组成部分受到关注。糖基化的改变似乎不仅直接影响细胞生长和存活，还促进肿瘤诱导的免疫调节及最终的转移。这些变化中的许多可能支持肿瘤进展，肿瘤相关糖基化的独特改变也可能作为癌细胞的一个显著特征，从而提供新的诊断甚至治疗靶点。
