氟虫腈和氯菊酯新组合对欧洲犬巴贝斯虫病主要传播媒介篦子硬蜱的驱避性、防附着性及杀螨效果
Repellency, prevention of attachment and acaricidal efficacy of a new combination of fipronil and permethrin against the main vector of canine babesiosis in Europe, Dermacentor reticulatus ticks.
作者信息
Dumont Pascal, Fourie Josephus J, Soll Mark, Beugnet Frédéric
机构信息
Merial S.A.S., 29 Av Tony Garnier, 69007, Lyon, France.
ClinVet International (Pty) Ltd, PO Box 11186, 9321, Universitas, South Africa.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2015 Jan 27;8:50. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-0682-z.
BACKGROUND
Dermacentor reticulatus is a European hard tick of major veterinary importance because it is the vector of canine babesiosis due to Babesia canis. The efficacy against this particular tick species is therefore a key characteristic for an acaricidal solution for dogs. The repellency, prevention of attachment and acaricidal efficacy of Frontline Tri- Act/Frontect, a new combination of fipronil and permethrin against induced infestations of Dermacentor reticulatus ticks on dogs were evaluated after a single topical administration.
METHODS
A group of 20 dogs were allocated to two treatment groups. Ten dogs were treated with a topical spot-on formulation containing 6.76% w/v fipronil + 50.48% w/v permethrin once on Day 0 and 10 dogs served as untreated controls. Tick infestations were performed by placing 50 D. reticulatus ticks next to sedated dogs confined to infestation crates on days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Thumb counts on dogs were conducted at 4, 12 and 24 h post-challenge. Tick removal counts were performed 48 h after each infestation. Repellency, prevention of attachment and acaricidal efficacy were calculated.
RESULTS
The new combination provided repellency ranging between (56.5-73.5%) at 4 h post-infestation (pi), between (76.3-92.9%) at 12 h pi and between (83.9-96.5%) at 24 h pi, up to 4 weeks post-treatment. Prevention of attachment ranged between (64.1-79.7%) at 4 h pi, between (79.1-94.2%) at 12 h pi and between (84.2-99.6%) at 24 h pi, up to 4 weeks post-treatment. Acaricidal efficacy against D. reticulatus ticks was ≥99.5% for 4 weeks post-treatment.
CONCLUSION
The new combination of fipronil and permethrin demonstrated excellent repellency, prevention of attachment and acaricidal efficacy against D. reticulatus for at least 4 weeks. The results suggest that in endemic areas of canine babesiosis, the application of the new combination can significantly reduce the potential for transmission of B. canis as well as other tick-borne diseases.
背景
网纹革蜱是一种在欧洲具有重要兽医意义的硬蜱，因为它是犬巴贝斯虫引起的犬巴贝斯虫病的传播媒介。因此，对这种特定蜱虫种类的防治效果是犬用杀螨剂溶液的关键特性。在单次局部给药后，评估了新的氟虫腈和氯菊酯组合Frontline Tri - Act/Frontect对犬身上诱发的网纹革蜱感染的驱避性、附着预防效果和杀螨效果。
方法
将一组20只犬分为两个治疗组。10只犬在第0天接受一次含有6.76% w/v氟虫腈 + 50.48% w/v氯菊酯的局部点滴制剂治疗，10只犬作为未治疗对照。在第1、7、14、21和28天，将50只网纹革蜱放置在限制于感染箱中的镇静犬旁边进行蜱虫感染。在攻击后4、12和24小时对犬进行拇指计数。每次感染后48小时进行蜱虫清除计数。计算驱避性、附着预防效果和杀螨效果。
结果
新组合在感染后4小时（pi）的驱避率在（56.5 - 73.5%）之间，12小时pi时在（76.3 - 92.9%）之间，24小时pi时在（83.9 - 96.5%）之间，直至治疗后4周。附着预防率在感染后4小时pi时在（64.1 - 79.7%）之间，12小时pi时在（79.1 - 94.2%）之间，24小时pi时在（84.2 - 99.6%）之间，直至治疗后4周。对网纹革蜱的杀螨效果在治疗后4周内≥99.5%。
结论
氟虫腈和氯菊酯的新组合对网纹革蜱表现出优异的驱避性、附着预防效果和杀螨效果，至少持续4周。结果表明，在犬巴贝斯虫病的流行地区，应用新组合可显著降低犬巴贝斯虫以及其他蜱传疾病的传播可能性。
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