Seston E M, Fegan T, Hassell K, Schafheutle E I
Centre for Pharmacy Workforce Studies, The Manchester Pharmacy School, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
Centre for Pharmacy Workforce Studies, The Manchester Pharmacy School, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2015 Nov-Dec;11(6):749-68. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2014.12.006. Epub 2014 Dec 31.
Pharmacists from black and minority ethnic (BME) backgrounds represent a significant proportion of the United Kingdom (UK) pharmacy profession. While there is evidence that BME doctors may be discriminated against in employment and regulatory practices, little is known about the treatment of BME pharmacists.
To identify published evidence on the disproportionate treatment in employment and regulatory practices of BME pharmacists in the UK. Evidence was sought in four specific domains: recruitment (into the profession); progression; retention (within sector and profession) and regulation.
The following databases were searched: Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, SIGLE and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria were: English language only, published between 1993 and 2014 and reporting UK-based findings.
The search strategy identified 11 pertinent items; 6 peer-reviewed articles, 2 published reports, 2 conference papers and one PhD thesis. In employment practices, there was some evidence that BME pharmacists are over-represented among owners and under-represented amongst senior management in the community sector. BME pharmacists reported more difficulties in getting their first job. BME pharmacists were over-represented in disciplinary processes but there was no evidence of disproportionate treatment in the outcomes of inquiries.
Only a small number of studies have been published in this area, and the evidence of disproportionate treatment of BME pharmacists is equivocal. Further research is needed to better understand the role of ethnicity in recruitment, retention, progression and regulation.
来自黑人和少数族裔（BME）背景的药剂师在英国药学专业中占很大比例。虽然有证据表明BME医生在就业和监管实践中可能受到歧视，但对于BME药剂师的待遇情况却知之甚少。
确定已发表的关于英国BME药剂师在就业和监管实践中受到不公平待遇的证据。在四个特定领域寻找证据：招聘（进入该行业）；职业发展；留用（在部门和行业内）以及监管。
检索了以下数据库：PubMed、Embase、Scopus、国际药学文摘、SIGLE和谷歌学术。纳入标准为：仅英文文献，发表于1993年至2014年之间且报告基于英国的研究结果。
检索策略确定了11篇相关文献；6篇同行评审文章、2篇已发表报告、2篇会议论文和1篇博士论文。在就业实践中，有证据表明在社区部门中，BME药剂师在店主中占比过高，而在高级管理层中占比过低。BME药剂师报告称获得第一份工作时困难更多。在纪律处分程序中BME药剂师占比过高，但没有证据表明在调查结果中存在不公平待遇。
该领域仅发表了少量研究，BME药剂师受到不公平待遇的证据并不明确。需要进一步研究以更好地了解种族在招聘、留用、职业发展和监管中的作用。
