Joshi Aparna L, Roham Pratiksha H, Mhaske Rooth, Jadhav Mahadev, Krishnadas Kavitha, Kharat Amol, Hardikar Bhagyashree, Kharat Kiran R
a Deogiri College, Centre for Advanced Life Sciences , Aurangabad , Maharashtra 43100 , India.
b Modern College of Pharmacy , Moshi, Pune 412105 , India.
Nat Prod Res. 2015;29(23):2261-4. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2014.1001386. Epub 2015 Jan 27.
Calotropis procera (family: Asclepiadaceae) contains cardiac glycosides which are cytotoxic to cancer cells. The extracts of C. procera have been reported to be cytotoxic to many cancer cell lines and this is the first report against the human skin melanoma cells (SK-MEL-2). The SK-MEL-2 cells treated with C. procera methanolic extract (CPME) were analysed for growth inhibition and apoptosis. The exposure of phosphatidylserine in apoptotic SK-MEL-2 was analysed by using the Annexin-V FITC flow cytometry method. In CPME-treated SK-MEL-2 cells, 19.6% of apoptotic and 58.3% dead cells were observed. The 15.97% and 15.85% of early apoptotic cells were found at 20 μg/mL of the ouabain and paclitaxel, respectively. Active caspases, nuclear degradation confirmed apoptotic SK-MEL-2 cells in time- and dose-dependent manner. The cell cycle analysis shows that CPME treated cells halt at G2/M phase. Significant cytotoxic activity of CPME against SK-MEL-2 may be attributed to its high cardenolide content.
牛角瓜（萝摩科）含有对癌细胞具有细胞毒性的强心苷。据报道，牛角瓜提取物对许多癌细胞系具有细胞毒性，这是针对人皮肤黑色素瘤细胞（SK-MEL-2）的首次报道。对用牛角瓜甲醇提取物（CPME）处理的SK-MEL-2细胞进行生长抑制和凋亡分析。使用膜联蛋白-V FITC流式细胞术方法分析凋亡SK-MEL-2细胞中磷脂酰丝氨酸的暴露情况。在经CPME处理的SK-MEL-2细胞中，观察到19.6%的凋亡细胞和58.3%的死亡细胞。分别在20μg/mL的哇巴因和紫杉醇处理下发现15.97%和15.85%的早期凋亡细胞。活性半胱天冬酶、核降解以时间和剂量依赖性方式证实了凋亡的SK-MEL-2细胞。细胞周期分析表明，经CPME处理的细胞停滞在G2/M期。CPME对SK-MEL-2的显著细胞毒性活性可能归因于其高含量的强心甾内酯。
