Ohshima Toshio
Laboratory for Molecular Brain Science, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University Tokyo, Japan.
Front Neurosci. 2015 Jan 13;8:458. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00458. eCollection 2014.
The formation of the six-layered structure of the mammalian cortex via the inside-out pattern of neuronal migration is fundamental to neocortical functions. Extracellular cues such as Reelin induce intracellular signaling cascades through the protein phosphorylation. Migrating neurons also have intrinsic machineries to regulate cytoskeletal proteins and adhesion properties. Protein phosphorylation regulates these processes. Moreover, the balance between phosphorylation and dephosphorylation is modified by extracellular cues. Multipolar-bipolar transition, radial glia-guided locomotion and terminal translocation are critical steps of radial migration of cortical pyramidal neurons. Protein kinases such as Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) involve these steps. In this review, I shall give an overview the roles of protein kinases in neuronal migration.
哺乳动物皮质通过神经元由内向外的迁移模式形成六层结构，这是新皮质功能的基础。细胞外信号如Reelin通过蛋白质磷酸化诱导细胞内信号级联反应。迁移的神经元也具有调节细胞骨架蛋白和黏附特性的内在机制。蛋白质磷酸化调节这些过程。此外，磷酸化和去磷酸化之间的平衡会受到细胞外信号的影响。多极-双极转变、放射状胶质细胞引导的运动和终末移位是皮质锥体神经元放射状迁移的关键步骤。细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶5（Cdk5）和c-Jun氨基末端激酶（JNKs）等蛋白激酶参与这些步骤。在这篇综述中，我将概述蛋白激酶在神经元迁移中的作用。
