Ayremlou Parvin, Razavi Seyed Mohsen, Solaymani-Dodaran Masoud, Vakili Masoud, Asadi-Lari Mohsen
Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Oncopathology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Cancer Prev. 2012 Summer;5(3):157-63.
Global death toll of Acute Leukemia (AL), as a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic malignancies, is rather high, i.e. almost 74% of 300,000 new cases die every year. This reflects a poor prognosis of this malignancy in most parts of the world, where contemporary and rather complex remedies are not available. There are a few well documented reports about the epidemiologic features of AL at national level in Iran. This retrospective study demonstrates demographic and laboratory features of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) patients admitted to the main referral oncology hospitals in the ex-Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran (Firoozgar and Rasoul-Akram hospitals) during the last decade (2001-2011).
Medical records of all patients admitted to the both hospitals diagnosed with AML and ALL were reviewed during the study period for demographic, biological and clinical characteristics at diagnosis.
Four-hundred fifty five patients were diagnosed with AML and ALL, who admitted to the both hospitals during ten years, of whom 59.6 % (271 patients) were male. Fifty five percent of patients had AML and 44.6 % had ALL, both significantly dominated in men (p<0.001). AML patients died more significantly (p<0.05) and the most deaths occurred in older patients (p<0.001). Initial WBC count was significantly related to death (p= 0.001), where the least death (13%) occurred in the group with initial WBC between 5-10×10(3)/μL and most of deceased had an initial WBC more than 10×10(3)/μL. Logistic regression showed that age, fever and WBC were significant prognostic factors.
Demographic characteristics of AL patients were almost the same as other global reports. Most deaths occurred in older patients, those who had fever, and patients with higher WBC count at first admission, which warrants more investigations accurately and also improvements in hospital records.
急性白血病（AL）是一组异质性造血系统恶性肿瘤，全球死亡人数相当高，即每年30万新发病例中近74%死亡。这反映出在世界大部分地区，这种恶性肿瘤的预后较差，因为缺乏当代且颇为复杂的治疗方法。关于伊朗全国范围内急性白血病流行病学特征的记录报告较少。这项回顾性研究展示了过去十年（2001 - 2011年）期间，在德黑兰原伊朗医科大学的主要转诊肿瘤医院（菲罗兹加尔医院和拉苏勒 - 阿克拉姆医院）收治的急性髓系白血病（AML）和急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）患者的人口统计学和实验室特征。
在研究期间，对两家医院收治的所有诊断为AML和ALL的患者病历进行回顾，以获取诊断时的人口统计学、生物学和临床特征。
十年间，两家医院共收治了455例诊断为AML和ALL的患者，其中59.6%（271例）为男性。55%的患者为AML，44.6%为ALL，两者在男性中均占主导地位（p<0.001）。AML患者死亡更为显著（p<0.05），且大多数死亡发生在老年患者中（p<0.001）。初始白细胞计数与死亡显著相关（p = 0.001），初始白细胞计数在5 - 10×10³/μL组的死亡最少（13%），大多数死亡患者的初始白细胞计数超过10×10³/μL。逻辑回归显示年龄、发热和白细胞是显著的预后因素。
急性白血病患者的人口统计学特征与其他全球报告基本相同。大多数死亡发生在老年患者、发热患者以及首次入院时白细胞计数较高的患者中，这需要更准确的调查以及医院记录的改进。
