Department of Radiology, University Medical Centre Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2015 Oct;42(4):887-901. doi: 10.1002/jmri.24850. Epub 2015 Jan 28.
Subject motion during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been problematic since its introduction as a clinical imaging modality. While sensitivity to particle motion or blood flow can be used to provide useful image contrast, bulk motion presents a considerable problem in the majority of clinical applications. It is one of the most frequent sources of artifacts. Over 30 years of research have produced numerous methods to mitigate or correct for motion artifacts, but no single method can be applied in all imaging situations. Instead, a "toolbox" of methods exists, where each tool is suitable for some tasks, but not for others. This article reviews the origins of motion artifacts and presents current mitigation and correction methods. In some imaging situations, the currently available motion correction tools are highly effective; in other cases, appropriate tools still need to be developed. It seems likely that this multifaceted approach will be what eventually solves the motion sensitivity problem in MRI, rather than a single solution that is effective in all situations. This review places a strong emphasis on explaining the physics behind the occurrence of such artifacts, with the aim of aiding artifact detection and mitigation in particular clinical situations.
磁共振成像（MRI）中的目标运动自其作为临床成像方式引入以来一直是个问题。虽然颗粒运动或血流的敏感性可用于提供有用的图像对比，但在大多数临床应用中，整体运动是一个相当大的问题。它是最常见的伪影源之一。三十多年的研究已经产生了许多减轻或纠正运动伪影的方法，但没有一种方法可以应用于所有成像情况。相反，存在一个“工具包”的方法，其中每个工具适用于某些任务，但不适用于其他任务。本文回顾了运动伪影的起源，并介绍了当前的减轻和校正方法。在某些成像情况下，目前可用的运动校正工具非常有效；在其他情况下，仍需要开发适当的工具。最终可能是这种多方面的方法解决了 MRI 中的运动敏感性问题，而不是在所有情况下都有效的单一解决方案。这篇综述特别强调了解释发生此类伪影的物理原理，旨在帮助在特定临床情况下检测和减轻伪影。
