Adorno C G, Fretes V R, Ortiz C P, Mereles R, Sosa V, Yubero M F, Escobar P M, Heilborn C
Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay.
Departamento de Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay.
Int Endod J. 2016 Feb;49(2):174-83. doi: 10.1111/iej.12431. Epub 2015 Feb 18.
To compare in a laboratory study two negative pressure systems and syringe irrigation, regarding the delivery of a contrast solution (CS) to working length (WL) and into simulated lateral canals and the effective volume of irrigant aspirated during negative pressure irrigation.
Twenty single-canaled incisor training models were constructed with six simulated lateral canals each (2, 4 and 6 mm to WL) and a size 40, 0.04 taper apical size canal. Each model underwent all irrigation procedures (EndoVac at WL (EndoVac-0) and WL-2 mm (EndoVac-2), iNP needle with negative pressure (iNPn) and syringe irrigation with the iNP needle (iNPs) and a 30-G side-slot needle placed at WL (SI0) and WL-2 (SI2) mm in a crossover design. CS was delivered at 4 mL min(-1) for 60 s with a peristaltic pump and a recovery device collected the volume (in mL) of irrigant suctioned by the negative pressure groups. The irrigation procedures were digitally recorded, and a still image of the 60-s time-point of irrigation was evaluated for CS distance to WL (in millimetres) after irrigation and penetration into lateral canals (3-point scale). Statistical tests used were Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's test.
EndoVac-0, iNPn and iNPs had median distances of CS to WL of 0 mm, followed by SI0 (0.2 mm), SI2 (0.7 mm) and EndoVac-2 (1.7 mm). There were no significant differences between EndoVac-0, iNPn, iNPs and SI0, but these were significantly different to SI2 and EndoVac-2 (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the volume of CS delivered by syringe irrigation and that collected by iNPn (4 mL), but these were significantly greater than EndoVac-0 (2.8 mL, P < 0.001) and EndoVac-2 (2.85 mL, P < 0.001), which were not different to each other (P = 1.0). The irrigation procedures were ineffective at penetration into lateral canals.
iNPn, EndoVac-0, iNPs and SI0 achieved greater irrigant penetration to WL. iNPn was able to collect a median volume of CS (4 mL) similar to that delivered by syringe irrigation (iNPp, SI0 and SI2). An adequate irrigant penetration into lateral canals could not be achieved by any of the systems.
在一项实验室研究中比较两种负压系统和注射器冲洗在将造影剂（CS）输送至工作长度（WL）、注入模拟侧支根管以及负压冲洗期间吸出的冲洗液有效体积方面的情况。
构建了20个单根管切牙训练模型，每个模型有6个模拟侧支根管（距WL分别为2、4和6mm）以及一个40号、0.04锥度的根尖尺寸根管。每个模型采用交叉设计接受所有冲洗程序（WL处的EndoVac（EndoVac - 0）和WL - 2mm处的EndoVac（EndoVac - 2）、带负压的iNP针（iNPn）以及使用iNP针的注射器冲洗（iNPs），还有置于WL（SI0）和WL - 2mm（SI2）处的30G侧孔针冲洗）。使用蠕动泵以4 mL min⁻¹的流速输送CS持续60秒，回收装置收集负压组吸出的冲洗液体积（以mL计）。冲洗过程进行数字记录，评估冲洗60秒时间点的静态图像，以确定冲洗后CS距WL的距离（以毫米计）以及进入侧支根管的情况（3分制）。所使用的统计检验为Kruskal - Wallis检验和Dunn检验。
EndoVac - 0、iNPn和iNPs的CS距WL的中位数距离为0mm，其次是SI0（0.2mm）、SI2（0.7mm）和EndoVac - 2（1.7mm）。EndoVac - 0、iNPn、iNPs和SI0之间无显著差异，但与SI2和EndoVac - 2有显著差异（P < 0.05）。注射器冲洗输送的CS体积与iNPn收集的CS体积（4mL）之间无显著差异，但显著大于EndoVac - 0（2.8mL，P < 0.001）和EndoVac - 2（2.85mL，P < 0.001），而EndoVac - 0和EndoVac - 2彼此无差异（P = 1.0）。冲洗程序在进入侧支根管方面效果不佳。
iNPn、EndoVac - 0、iNPs和SI0在冲洗液向WL的渗透方面效果更佳。iNPn能够收集的CS中位数体积（4mL）与注射器冲洗（iNPp、SI0和SI2）输送的体积相似。任何一种系统都无法使冲洗液充分渗透到侧支根管中。
