Mohr Ashley M, Mott Justin L
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
Semin Liver Dis. 2015 Feb;35(1):3-11. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1397344. Epub 2015 Jan 29.
In considering an overview of microRNA biology, it is useful to consider microRNAs as a part of cellular communication. At the simplest level, microRNAs act to decrease the expression of messenger RNAs that contain stretches of sequence complementary to the microRNA. This function can be likened to the function of endogenous or synthetic short interfering RNA. However, microRNA function is more complicated and nuanced than this "on-off" model would suggest. Further, many microRNA targets are themselves noncoding RNAs. In this review, the authors discuss the role of microRNAs in shaping the proteome of the cell in a way that is consistent with microRNA involvement in a highly regulated conversation, sensitive to outside influence and internal feedback.
在考虑微小RNA生物学的概述时,将微小RNA视为细胞通讯的一部分是很有用的。在最简单的层面上,微小RNA的作用是降低含有与微小RNA互补序列片段的信使RNA的表达。这种功能可以比作内源性或合成短干扰RNA的功能。然而,微小RNA的功能比这种“开-关”模型所暗示的更为复杂和微妙。此外,许多微小RNA的靶标本身就是非编码RNA。在这篇综述中,作者讨论了微小RNA在塑造细胞蛋白质组方面的作用,这种方式与微小RNA参与高度调控的对话相一致,该对话对外部影响和内部反馈敏感。