Ren Albert, Dong Yujuan, Tsoi Ho, Yu Jun
Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2015 Jan 27;16(2):2810-23. doi: 10.3390/ijms16022810.
Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is one of the deadliest cancers-ranking as the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. It is such a deadly disease because it is largely asymptomatic until the latter stages-oftentimes when the cancer has metastasized. Thus, a huge emphasis of cancer treatment is placed on early detection. Currently, there is a lack of a noninvasive, reliable, and cost-effective screening method for CRC. In recent years, microRNA (miRNA) diagnostic markers have been suggested as a viable new screening method for CRC. miRNAs play an important role in carcinogenesis, and has been observed to be dysregulated in many cancers including CRC. This review examines the diagnostic potential of circulatory and fecal miRNA markers in relation to CRC, as well as current techniques to detect them.
结直肠癌（CRC）是最致命的癌症之一，在全球癌症相关死亡原因中排名第四。它是一种致命的疾病，因为在晚期之前大多没有症状，通常是在癌症已经转移的时候。因此，癌症治疗的重点很大程度上放在早期检测上。目前，缺乏一种用于结直肠癌的非侵入性、可靠且具有成本效益的筛查方法。近年来，微小RNA（miRNA）诊断标志物已被认为是一种可行的结直肠癌新筛查方法。miRNA在致癌过程中起重要作用，并且已观察到在包括结直肠癌在内的许多癌症中其表达失调。本综述探讨了循环和粪便miRNA标志物在结直肠癌诊断方面的潜力，以及检测它们的当前技术。
