Fernandes de Oliveira Ana, Mercenaro Luca, Del Caro Alessandra, Pretti Luca, Nieddu Giovanni
Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, Sassari 07100, Italy.
Porto Conte Ricerche Srl, S.P. 55 Porto Conte/Capo Caccia, Tramariglio-Alghero (SS) 07041, Italy.
Molecules. 2015 Jan 27;20(2):2061-80. doi: 10.3390/molecules20022061.
The responses of two red grape varieties, Bovale Grande (syn. Carignan) and Cannonau (syn. Grenache), to temperature and natural UV radiation were studied in a three-years field experiment conducted in Sardinia (Italy), under Mediterranean climate conditions. Vines were covered with plastic films with different transmittances to UV radiation and compared to uncovered controls. Light intensity and spectral composition at the fruit zone were monitored and berry skin temperature was recorded from veraison. Total skin anthocyanin content (TSA) and composition indicated positive but inconsistent effects of natural UV light. Elevated temperatures induced alterations to a greater extent, decreasing TSA and increasing the degree of derivatives acylation. In Cannonau total soluble solids increases were not followed by increasing TSA as in Bovale Grande, due to both lower phenolic potential and higher sensitivity to permanence of high temperatures. Multi linear regression analysis tested the effects of different ranges of temperature as source of variation on anthocyanin accumulation patterns. To estimate the thermal time for anthocyanin accumulation, the use of normal heat hours model had benefit from the addition of predictor variables that take into account the permanence of high (>35 °C) and low (<15 °C and <17 °C) temperatures during ripening.
在地中海气候条件下，于意大利撒丁岛开展了一项为期三年的田间试验，研究了两个红葡萄品种，即大博瓦莱（同义词：佳丽酿）和卡诺娜（同义词：歌海娜）对温度和自然紫外线辐射的响应。葡萄藤覆盖有不同紫外线透过率的塑料薄膜，并与未覆盖的对照进行比较。监测果实区域的光照强度和光谱组成，并从转色期开始记录浆果表皮温度。总表皮花青素含量（TSA）及其组成表明自然紫外线具有积极但不一致的影响。温度升高在更大程度上引起了变化，降低了TSA并增加了衍生物酰化程度。在卡诺娜品种中，与大博瓦莱不同，总可溶性固形物增加并未伴随TSA增加，这是由于酚类潜力较低以及对高温持续时间的敏感性较高。多元线性回归分析测试了不同温度范围作为变异源对花青素积累模式的影响。为了估算花青素积累的热时间，使用正常热时模型受益于添加了预测变量，这些变量考虑了成熟期间高温（>35°C）和低温（<15°C和<17°C）的持续时间。
