Langer Álvaro I, Stanghellini Giovanni, Cangas Adolfo J, Lysaker Paul H, Nieto-Muñoz Luz, Moriana Juan A, Barrigón María L, Ambrosini Alessandra
Pontifical Catholic University of Chile and University of Tarapacá
Psicothema. 2015;27(1):19-25. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2014.97.
Research on Hallucination-Like Experiences (HLEs) has not yet explored whether people without psychosis who have HLEs attribute the same level of significance to them. This significance includes whether or not the HLEs elicit similar emotional reactions in people with and without psychosis, or if the HLEs occur in same context between the two groups. The objective of this study was to compare the characteristics of these experiences in a non-clinical group and a clinical group of patients with schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
Both groups were evaluated to determine the prevalence of HLEs. After the evaluation, they were interviewed about the characteristics of these experiences.
Both groups sought to actively eliminate the HLEs, could identify the presence of a trigger factor, and experienced little perceived control. However, HLEs elicited more anxiety, discomfort and interference in daily life in the clinical group than in the non-clinical group. Furthermore, the clinical group members defined their hallucinations more negatively and were reported to have experienced them under stressful events.
These findings suggest that the two experiences are not entirely equivalent, especially when taking into account the emotional reaction produced by these experiences and the meaning people attach to them.
关于类幻觉体验（HLEs）的研究尚未探讨没有精神病的人在经历HLEs时是否赋予它们相同程度的重要性。这种重要性包括HLEs在有精神病和没有精神病的人中是否引发相似的情绪反应，或者两组之间HLEs是否发生在相同的背景下。本研究的目的是比较非临床组和患有精神分裂症及精神分裂症谱系障碍的临床组患者这些体验的特征。
对两组进行评估以确定HLEs的患病率。评估后，就这些体验的特征对他们进行访谈。
两组都试图积极消除HLEs，能够识别触发因素的存在，并且几乎没有感受到控制感。然而，与非临床组相比，临床组的HLEs在日常生活中引发了更多的焦虑、不适和干扰。此外，临床组成员对他们的幻觉定义更为负面，并且据报道他们是在压力事件下经历这些幻觉的。
这些发现表明这两种体验并不完全等同，特别是考虑到这些体验产生的情绪反应以及人们赋予它们的意义时。
