Espino Orlando, Rodríguez Rafael, Oliva David, Sánchez Curbelo Isana
Universidad de La Laguna.
Psicothema. 2015;27(1):40-4. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2014.130.
We report the results of two experiments that examine the mental representations underlying the comprehension and reasoning stages of negative exceptive conditionals requiring the subjunctive ('B a menos que A' and 'B a no ser que A' = 'B unless A') and the indicative mood ('B excepto si A' and 'B salvo si A' = 'B except if A').
A truth table task was employed to infer the mental representation that people have in mind when they reason with negative exceptive conditionals.
Both experiments showed that participants selected the possibility 'B & not-A' more frequently than the possibility 'not-B & A' when the conditional required the indicative mood, but they selected the possibilities 'B & not-A' and 'not-B & A' equally frequently when the conditional required the subjunctive mood.
Exceptive conditionals in the subjunctive mood lead people to think in terms of dual possibilities, whereas the indicative mood leads people to consider just one possibility.
我们报告了两项实验的结果，这些实验考察了理解和推理否定性排除条件句时所依据的心理表征，这些条件句在虚拟语气中（“B a menos que A”和“B a no ser que A” = “B除非A”）以及陈述语气中（“B excepto si A”和“B salvo si A” = “B除了如果A”）。
采用真值表任务来推断人们在对否定性排除条件句进行推理时脑海中所具有的心理表征。
两项实验均表明，当条件句为陈述语气时，参与者选择“B且非A”可能性的频率高于选择“非B且A”可能性的频率，但当条件句为虚拟语气时，他们选择“B且非A”和“非B且A”可能性的频率相同。
虚拟语气中的排除条件句会使人们从双重可能性的角度去思考，而陈述语气则使人们仅考虑一种可能性。
