Kocmarek Andrea L, Ferguson Moira M, Danzmann Roy G
Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada,
Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2015 Apr;17(2):229-43. doi: 10.1007/s10126-015-9612-5. Epub 2015 Jan 30.
All-female lines of fish are created by crossing sex reversed (XX genotype) males with normal females. All-female lines avoid the deleterious phenotypic effects that are typical of precocious maturation in males. To determine whether all-female and mixed sex populations of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) differ in performance, we compared the growth and gene expression profiles in progeny groups produced by crossing a XX male and a XY male to the same five females. Body weight and length were measured in the resulting all-female (XX) and mixed sex (XX/XY) offspring groups. Microarray experiments with liver and white muscle were used to determine if the gene expression profiles of large and small XX offspring differ from those in large and small XX/XY offspring. We detected no significant differences in body length and weight between offspring groups but XX offspring were significantly less variable in the value of these traits. A large number of upregulated genes were shared between the large XX and large XX/XY offspring; the small XX and small XX/XY offspring also shared similar expression profiles. No GO category differences were seen in the liver or between the large XX and large XX/XY offspring in the muscle. The greatest differences between the small XX and small XX/XY offspring were in the genes assigned to the "small molecule metabolic process" and "cellular metabolic process" GO level 3 categories. Similarly, genes within these categories as well as the category "macromolecule metabolic process" were more highly expressed in small compared to large XX fish.
通过将性逆转（XX基因型）雄性与正常雌性杂交来培育全雌鱼系。全雌鱼系可避免雄性早熟所特有的有害表型效应。为了确定虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）的全雌群体和混合性别群体在性能上是否存在差异，我们比较了由同一五条雌性与XX雄性和XY雄性杂交产生的后代群体的生长和基因表达谱。对产生的全雌（XX）和混合性别（XX/XY）后代群体测量了体重和体长。利用肝脏和白色肌肉进行微阵列实验，以确定大小不同的XX后代与大小不同的XX/XY后代的基因表达谱是否存在差异。我们检测到后代群体之间的体长和体重没有显著差异，但XX后代在这些性状的值上的变异性显著较小。大量上调基因在大XX和大XX/XY后代之间共享；小XX和小XX/XY后代也具有相似的表达谱。在肝脏中或在肌肉中的大XX和大XX/XY后代之间未观察到基因本体（GO）类别差异。小XX和小XX/XY后代之间最大的差异在于分配到“小分子代谢过程”和“细胞代谢过程”GO三级类别的基因。同样，与大XX鱼相比，这些类别以及“大分子代谢过程”类别中的基因在小XX鱼中表达更高。
