Successful management of refractory immune thrombocytopenia associated with massive alveolar hemorrhage.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired immune-mediated disease characterized by persistant thrombocytopenia. Onset of the disease and the clinical course is highly variable, but the disease typically has a benign course. Patients rarely develop serious life-threatening bleeding. Herein, a case with refractory ITP and massive alveolar hemorrhage who was successfully treated with a fast and sequential approach is presented for the first time.