Kuo Shih-Hsien, Wang Hsiao-Ling, Lee Tzu-Chi, Chan Te-Fu, Chou Fan-Hao, Chen Lih-Mih, Lin Wei-Ting
Department of Nutrition and Health Science, College of Health and Medical Science, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC; College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC.
Department of Nursing, Tzu Hui Institute of Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC.
Women Birth. 2015 Jun;28(2):106-11. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2015.01.002. Epub 2015 Jan 27.
Pregnancy is an important stage in life for many women. Humans are complex organisms that are prone to exhibiting gradual alterations in their constitutions that fluctuate with age, diet, and living environment. This is particularly true during the pre- and postnatal periods, in which qi and blood are required to ensure foetal growth.
To examine women's constitutional transformation of pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and postpartum.
A prospective, longitudinal study was conducted, and structural questionnaires were used to collect data. The participants were healthy pregnant women 21-49 years of age. Data were collected at six times: during the first (weeks 6-13), second (weeks 14-27), and third (weeks 28-40) trimesters and during the postnatal admission (1-week postnatal) and home self-care (6-week and 6-month postnatal) periods, yielding 86 valid questionnaires. A cubic polynomial regression analyses with generalised estimation equations (GEEs) method was used to reveal the trend of constitution score by different constitutions.
Significant differences (p < .0001) for the scores of Yang-Xu (yang-deficiency), Yin-Xu (yin-deficiency), and Tan-Shi-Yu-Zhi (phlegm-dampness and blood-stasis) constitutions were observed at pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and 6 months postpartum. A least significant difference test showed that the scores obtained in the pregnancy period and at 6 months postpartum were higher than those of pre-pregnancy, indicating mitigated constitutional imbalance during postpartum. The highest scores of the Yang-Xu and Tan-Shi-Yu-Zhi constitutions occurred in the first trimester (36.02 ± 8.00 vs. 30.00 ± 7.21), and the highest scores of Yin-Xu constitution occurred in the third trimester (32.95 ± 7.48). The lowest scores of the Yang-Xu constitution were obtained at 6 months postpartum (25.24 ± 5.63) and during pre-pregnancy (25.26 ± 4.82), and those of the Yin-Xu and Tan-Shi-Yu-Zhi constitutions were observed in the pre-pregnancy (25.48 ± 4.46 vs. 19.94 ± 3.09). The 6-month postnatal scores of the Yang-Xu constitution nearly recovered to the prenatal level, whereas those of the other two constitutions did not.
The results indicate that women's constitutions underwent changes throughout the perinatal stages. These findings provide a valuable reference for healthcare professionals in administering perinatal care and demonstrate empirical evidence for use in future intervention-based research.
怀孕对许多女性来说是人生中的一个重要阶段。人类是复杂的生物体，其体质容易随着年龄、饮食和生活环境的变化而逐渐改变。在产前和产后阶段尤其如此，在此期间需要气血来确保胎儿的生长。
研究女性孕前、孕期和产后的体质变化。
进行了一项前瞻性纵向研究，并使用结构化问卷收集数据。参与者为年龄在21 - 49岁的健康孕妇。在六个时间点收集数据：孕早期（第6 - 13周）、孕中期（第14 - 27周）、孕晚期（第28 - 40周）以及产后入院时（产后1周）和家庭自我护理阶段（产后6周和6个月），共获得86份有效问卷。采用广义估计方程（GEEs）方法进行三次多项式回归分析，以揭示不同体质的体质得分趋势。
在孕前、孕期和产后6个月，阳虚、阴虚、痰湿瘀滞体质的得分存在显著差异（p <.0001）。最小显著差异检验表明，孕期和产后6个月的得分高于孕前，表明产后体质失衡有所减轻。阳虚和痰湿瘀滞体质的得分在孕早期最高（36.02 ± 8.00 vs. 30.00 ± 7.21），阴虚体质的得分在孕晚期最高（32.95 ± 7.48）。阳虚体质的得分在产后6个月（25.24 ± 5.63）和孕前（25.26 ± 4.82）最低，阴虚和痰湿瘀滞体质的得分在孕前最低（25.48 ± 4.46 vs. 19.94 ± 3.09）。阳虚体质产后6个月的得分几乎恢复到产前水平，而其他两种体质则没有。
结果表明，女性的体质在围产期各阶段发生了变化。这些发现为医护人员提供了围产期护理的宝贵参考，并为未来基于干预的研究提供了实证依据。
