Daugherty Jill D, Blake Sarah C, Grosholz Jessica M, Omer Saad B, Polivka-West LuMarie, Howard David H
Department of Health Policy and Management, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
Department of Health Policy and Management, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
Am J Infect Control. 2015 Feb;43(2):100-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2014.08.021.
Recent studies have suggested that vaccination of nursing home staff members may reduce the incidence of influenza among nursing home residents. Current national estimates of employee vaccination rates (around 50%) indicate that residents may be at an unnecessarily high risk of contracting influenza. This article reports on the influenza vaccination rates and attitudes toward the vaccine among employees in 37 nursing homes in 3 states.
Nursing home employees were surveyed at nursing homes in Florida, Georgia, and Wisconsin in 2011-2012. Completed surveys were received from a total of 1,965 employees.
Approximately 54% of the employees surveyed received the vaccination during the 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 influenza seasons. Nursing home-level staff vaccination rates varied widely, from 15%-97%. Black and younger employees were less likely to receive the vaccine. Employee vaccination rates in nursing homes that used incentives were 12 percentage points higher than those that did not use incentives (P = .08).
Low vaccination rates among nursing home workers may put residents at increased risk for influenza-related morbidity and mortality. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services may consider employee vaccination rates as a quality indicator in addition to resident vaccination rates. Our findings support the use of a trial to test the use of incentives to increase employee vaccination rates.
近期研究表明，对疗养院工作人员进行疫苗接种可能会降低疗养院居民中流感的发病率。目前全国范围内对员工疫苗接种率的估计（约50%）表明，居民感染流感的风险可能不必要地偏高。本文报告了三个州37家疗养院员工的流感疫苗接种率及对疫苗的态度。
2011 - 2012年对佛罗里达州、佐治亚州和威斯康星州疗养院的员工进行了调查。共收到1965名员工填写完整的调查问卷。
在接受调查的员工中，约54%在2010 - 2011年和2011 - 2012年流感季节接种了疫苗。疗养院层面的员工疫苗接种率差异很大，从15%到97%不等。黑人员工和年轻员工接种疫苗的可能性较小。使用激励措施的疗养院员工疫苗接种率比未使用激励措施的高12个百分点（P = 0.08）。
疗养院工作人员疫苗接种率低可能会使居民患流感相关发病和死亡的风险增加。医疗保险和医疗补助服务中心除了将居民疫苗接种率作为质量指标外，还可考虑将员工疫苗接种率作为质量指标。我们的研究结果支持通过试验来测试使用激励措施提高员工疫苗接种率的效果。
