Corujo-Santana Cándido, Falcón-González Juan Carlos, Borkoski-Barreiro Silvia Andrea, Pérez-Plasencia Daniel, Ramos-Macías Ángel
Unidad de Hipoacusia, Servicio de Otorrinolaringología y Patología Cérvico Facial, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular-Materno Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, España.
Unidad de Hipoacusia, Servicio de Otorrinolaringología y Patología Cérvico Facial, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular-Materno Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, España.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2015 Nov-Dec;66(6):326-31. doi: 10.1016/j.otorri.2014.10.001. Epub 2015 Jan 29.
Severe jaundice that requires exchange transfusion has become a relatively rare situation today. About 60% of full term neonates and 80% of premature ones will suffer from jaundice within the first week of life. Hyperbilirubinemia at birth is a risk factor associated with hearing loss that is usually further linked to other factors that might have an effect on hearing synergistically. This study aimed to identify the relationship between hyperbilirubinemia at birth as a risk factor for sensorineural hearing loss in children born at Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil de Gran Canaria, in the 2007-2011 period.
This was a retrospective study of 796 newborns that had hyperbilirubinemia at birth, using transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and evoked auditory brainstem response.
Hundred eighty-five newborns (23.24%) were referred for evoked auditory brainstem response. Hearing loss was diagnosed for 35 (4.39%): 18 neonates (51.43%) with conductive hearing loss and 17 (48.57%) with sensorineural hearing loss, 3 of which were diagnosed as bilateral profound hearing loss. Half of the children had other risk factors associated, the most frequent being exposure to ototoxic medications.
The percentage of children diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss that suffered hyperbilirubinemia at birth is higher than for the general population. Of those diagnosed, none had levels of indirect bilirubin≥20mg/dl, only 47% had hyperbilirubinemia at birth as a risk factor and 53% had another auditory risk factor associated.
如今，需要进行换血治疗的严重黄疸已较为罕见。约60%的足月儿和80%的早产儿在出生后第一周会出现黄疸。出生时的高胆红素血症是与听力损失相关的一个风险因素，通常还与其他可能协同影响听力的因素有关。本研究旨在确定2007 - 2011年期间在大加那利岛圣母岛大学综合医院出生的儿童中，出生时高胆红素血症作为感音神经性听力损失风险因素之间的关系。
这是一项对796例出生时患有高胆红素血症的新生儿进行的回顾性研究，采用瞬态诱发耳声发射和听觉脑干诱发电位。
185例新生儿（23.24%）接受了听觉脑干诱发电位检查。确诊听力损失的有35例（4.39%）：18例新生儿（51.43%）为传导性听力损失，17例（48.57%）为感音神经性听力损失，其中3例被诊断为双侧重度听力损失。一半的儿童有其他相关风险因素，最常见的是接触耳毒性药物。
出生时患有高胆红素血症且被诊断为感音神经性听力损失的儿童比例高于一般人群。在这些被诊断的儿童中，没有间接胆红素水平≥20mg/dl的情况，只有47%的儿童出生时高胆红素血症作为风险因素，53%的儿童有其他相关听觉风险因素。
