Laboratory of Environmental Researches and Nanotechnology Development, Centro Universitário La Salle, Mestrado em Avaliação de Impactos Ambientais, Victor Barreto, 2288 Centro, 92010-000 Canoas, RS, Brazil.
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), C/Luis Solé y Sabarís s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2015 Apr 15;512-513:371-380. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.070. Epub 2015 Jan 30.
Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of volcanic rock residue, from a crushing plant in the Nova Prata Mining District, State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, in this work named rock powder, were investigated in view of its potential application as soil ammendment in agriculture. Abaut 52,400 m(3) of mining waste is generated annually in the city of Nova Prata without a proper disposal. The nutrients potentially available to plants were evaluated through leaching laboratory tests. Nutrient leaching tests were performed in Milli-Q water; citric acid solution 1% and 2% (AC); and oxalic acid solution 1% and 5% (AO). The bulk and leachable contents of 57 elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Mining waste were made up by CaO, K2O, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, and P2O5. The analysis by X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the major occurence of quartz, anorthite, cristobalite, sanidine, and augite. The water leachable concentrations of all elements studied were lower than 1.0mg/kg, indicating their low solubility. Leaching tests in acidic media yield larger leachable fractions for all elements being studied are in the leachate of the AO 1%. These date usefulness of volcanic rock powder as potential natural fertilizer in agriculture in the mining district in Nova Prata, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers.
本工作对巴西南里奥格兰德州诺瓦普拉塔矿区粉碎厂的火山岩残渣（岩粉）进行了矿物学和地球化学特征研究，以期将其作为农业土壤改良剂加以应用。该市每年产生约 52400m³的采矿废物，但未进行妥善处置。通过浸出实验室试验评估了植物可用的潜在养分。在 Milli-Q 水、1%和 2%柠檬酸溶液（AC）以及 1%和 5%草酸溶液（AO）中进行了养分浸出试验。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）测定了 57 种元素的总量和可浸出量。采矿废物由 CaO、K2O、SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3 和 P2O5 组成。X 射线衍射（XRD）分析表明，主要存在石英、钙长石、方石英、正长石和辉石。所有研究元素的水可浸出浓度均低于 1.0mg/kg，表明其溶解度较低。在酸性介质中的浸出试验表明，所有研究元素的可浸出分数较大，均在 AO 1%的浸出液中。这些数据表明，巴西南里奥格兰德州诺瓦普拉塔矿区的火山岩粉可作为潜在的天然肥料，用于农业生产，以减少化肥的使用。
