Choi Byul-Bora, Choi Jeong Hae, Park Sang-Rye, Kim Ji-Young, Hong Jin-Woo, Kim Gyoo-Cheon
Department of Oral Anatomy, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea.
Am J Chin Med. 2015;43(1):167-81. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X15500111. Epub 2015 Feb 2.
Scutellariae radix is one of the most widely used anticancer herbal medicines in several Asian countries, including Korea, Japan, and China. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most common head and neck carcinomas, which is highly invasive and metastatic, and can potentially develop chemoresistance. Therefore, new effective treatment methods are urgently needed. We determined the effects of Scutellariae radix on SCC-25 cells using the WST-1 assay, F-actin staining, flow cytometry analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and western blot analysis. Scutellariae radix treatment inhibited SCC-25 cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner, but it did not inhibit HaCaT (human keratinocyte) cell growth. Changes in cell morphology and disruption of filamentous (F)-actin organization were observed. Scutellariae radix-induced apoptosis as indicated by the translocation of cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) into the nucleus and cytosol. Scutellariae radix-induced an increase in cells with sub-G1 DNA content, and increased Bax, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9, DNA fragmentation factor 45 (DFF 45), and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) expression levels. Furthermore, increased expression of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-related proteins was detected. The antitumor effect of Scutellariae radix was due to decreased cell proliferation, changes in cell morphology, and the activation of caspase and MAPK pathways. Taken together, the findings of this study highlight the anticancer activity of Scutellariae radix in chemoresistant SCC-25 oral squamous carcinoma cells.
黄芩是韩国、日本和中国等几个亚洲国家使用最广泛的抗癌草药之一。鳞状细胞癌（SCC）是最常见的头颈癌之一，具有高度侵袭性和转移性，并且可能产生化疗耐药性。因此，迫切需要新的有效治疗方法。我们使用WST-1检测、F-肌动蛋白染色、流式细胞术分析、免疫荧光染色和蛋白质印迹分析来确定黄芩对SCC-25细胞的作用。黄芩处理以剂量和时间依赖性方式抑制SCC-25细胞生长，但不抑制HaCaT（人角质形成细胞）细胞生长。观察到细胞形态的变化和丝状（F）-肌动蛋白组织的破坏。黄芩诱导细胞凋亡，表现为细胞色素c和凋亡诱导因子（AIF）易位至细胞核和细胞质中。黄芩诱导亚G1期DNA含量的细胞增加，并增加Bax、裂解的半胱天冬酶-3、半胱天冬酶-7、半胱天冬酶-9、DNA片段化因子45（DFF 45）和聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶-1（PARP-1）的表达水平。此外，检测到磷酸化丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）相关蛋白的表达增加。黄芩的抗肿瘤作用归因于细胞增殖减少、细胞形态变化以及半胱天冬酶和MAPK途径的激活。综上所述，本研究结果突出了黄芩在化疗耐药的SCC-25口腔鳞状癌细胞中的抗癌活性。
