Marrero Hipólito, Gámez Elena, Díaz José M, Urrutia Mabel, de Vega Manuel
Department of Cognitive Psychology, University of La Laguna.
Can J Exp Psychol. 2015 Jun;69(2):190-9. doi: 10.1037/cep0000046. Epub 2015 Feb 2.
Approach and avoidance tendencies towards valenced others could be associated with our interpersonal conduct towards them: helping would be associated with approach tendency, and harming (or denying help) would be associated with avoidance. We propose that the encoding of this association enjoys attentional priority, as approach/avoidance representations of past interactions would regulate one's predisposition to either help or harm in subsequent interactions. Participants listened to interactions conveying positive/negative conduct between 2 characters. The conduct verb was then presented visually with a cue prompting participants to quickly step forward or backward. Subsequently, they performed a recognition task of noncentral story details. In matching conditions (positive conduct-step forward, negative conduct-step backward) the concurrent step should interfere with the encoding of motor representation of the conduct verb, and the verb encoding should divert attentional resources from the consolidation of memory traces of less relevant information. Results showed the predicted impairment in the recognition task in matching conditions, which supports an attentional bias towards encoding motor approach/avoidance representation of interpersonal conduct in the process of comprehending narrated interactions.
帮助行为与趋近倾向相关，而伤害（或拒绝帮助）行为与回避倾向相关。我们提出，这种关联的编码具有注意力优先性，因为过去互动的趋近/回避表征会调节个体在后续互动中帮助或伤害他人的倾向。参与者听了传达两个角色之间积极/消极行为的互动内容。然后，行为动词会与一个提示一起视觉呈现，提示参与者快速向前或向后迈步。随后，他们进行了一个关于非核心故事细节的识别任务。在匹配条件下（积极行为 - 向前迈步，消极行为 - 向后迈步），同时进行的迈步动作应该会干扰行为动词运动表征的编码，而动词编码应该会将注意力资源从巩固不太相关信息的记忆痕迹上转移开。结果显示，在匹配条件下的识别任务中出现了预期的损伤，这支持了在理解叙述性互动过程中，对人际行为的运动趋近/回避表征进行编码时存在注意力偏差。
