Zakrzewska Joanna M
Joanna M Zakrzewska, BDS, MB BChir, MD, FDSRCS, FFDRCSI, FFPM RCA, FHEA, is Professor and Facial Pain lead consultant at Eastman Dental Hospital, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , London , UK.
J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother. 2015 Mar;29(1):61-3; discussion 63. doi: 10.3109/15360288.2014.1003678. Epub 2015 Feb 2.
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a major cause of non-dental orofacial pain with a suggested prevalence of 3% to 5% in the general population. TMDs present as unilateral or bilateral pain centered round the pre-auricular area and can be associated with clicking and limitation in jaw movements. It is important to ascertain if there are other comorbid factors such as headaches, widespread chronic pain and mood changes. A biopsychosocial approach is crucial with a careful explanation and self-care techniques encouraged.
颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMDs）是导致非牙源性口腔面部疼痛的主要原因，据推测在普通人群中的患病率为3%至5%。TMDs表现为以耳前区为中心的单侧或双侧疼痛，可能伴有弹响和下颌运动受限。确定是否存在其他合并因素，如头痛、广泛的慢性疼痛和情绪变化很重要。采用生物心理社会方法至关重要，同时要给予仔细的解释并鼓励自我护理技巧。
