Harkin C, Brück W M, Lynch C
Letterkenny Institute of Technology, Letterkenny, Co. Donegal, Ireland.
J Appl Microbiol. 2015 Apr;118(4):954-65. doi: 10.1111/jam.12768. Epub 2015 Feb 13.
To isolate bacteria from soil for microbial pretreatment of brown crab (Cancer pagurus) shell waste and the production of chitin.
Isolates were screened for protease enzymes and acid production in order to facilitate the removal of protein and calcium carbonate fractions from brown crab shell to yield a chitinous material. Selected isolates were applied in various combinations in successive, two-step fermentations with brown crab shell waste. These isolates were identified as: Exiguobacterium spp. (GenBank accession number: KP050496), Bacillus cereus (GenBank accession number: KP050499), B. subtilis (GenBank accession number: KP050498), Bacillus licheniformis (GenBank accession number: KP050497), Pseudomonas migulae (GenBank accession number: KP050501), Pseudomonas spp. (GenBank accession number: KP050500), Pseudomonas spp. (GenBank accession number: KP050502), Arthrobacter luteolus (GenBank accession number: KP050503), Lactobacillus spp. (GenBank accession number: KP072000) and Enterococcus spp. (GenBank accession number: KP071999).
Successive two-step fermentations with isolates in certain combinations resulted in a demineralization of >94% and the extraction of a crude chitin fraction from brown crab processing waste. The highest demineralization, 98·9% was achieved when isolates identified as B. cereus and Pseudomonas spp. were used in combination. The transfer of fermentations to a larger scale requires further research for optimization.
The successful application of these isolates in successive two-step fermentation of brown crab shell waste to extract chitin means with further research into optimization and scale up, this chitin extraction process may be applied on an industrial scale and provide further commercial value from brown crab shell waste.
从土壤中分离细菌，用于棕蟹（黄道蟹）壳废弃物的微生物预处理及几丁质的生产。
对分离出的菌株进行蛋白酶和产酸筛选，以促进从棕蟹壳中去除蛋白质和碳酸钙成分，从而得到几丁质材料。将选定的分离菌株以各种组合形式应用于与棕蟹壳废弃物连续两步的发酵过程中。这些分离菌株被鉴定为：嗜冷栖热袍菌属（GenBank登录号：KP050496）、蜡样芽孢杆菌（GenBank登录号：KP050499）、枯草芽孢杆菌（GenBank登录号：KP050498）、地衣芽孢杆菌（GenBank登录号：KP050497）、米氏假单胞菌（GenBank登录号：KP050501）、假单胞菌属（GenBank登录号：KP050500）、假单胞菌属（GenBank登录号：KP050502）、淡黄节杆菌（GenBank登录号：KP050503）、乳杆菌属（GenBank登录号：KP072000）和肠球菌属（GenBank登录号：KP071999）。
特定组合的分离菌株连续两步发酵导致脱矿率>94%，并从棕蟹加工废弃物中提取出粗几丁质部分。当蜡样芽孢杆菌和假单胞菌属的分离菌株组合使用时，脱矿率最高，达到98.9%。将发酵扩大规模需要进一步研究优化。
这些分离菌株在棕蟹壳废弃物连续两步发酵中成功用于提取几丁质，这意味着随着对优化和扩大规模的进一步研究，这种几丁质提取工艺可能应用于工业规模，并从棕蟹壳废弃物中提供更多商业价值。
