Curl Angela L, Townsend Aloen L
University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Res Aging. 2014 May;36(3):297-321. doi: 10.1177/0164027513486900. Epub 2013 May 7.
This study examined the effects of retirement on self-rated health for married couples, using interdependence and social stratification theoretical frameworks.
Dyadic multilevel modeling of data (N = 2,213 non-Hispanic couples) from 1992 to 2010 of the Health and Retirement Survey.
Retirement was associated with worse self-ratings of health (SRH) short term (ST) for both husbands and wives during the first couple of years of retirement. In addition, the longer the husbands (but not wives) were retired, the worse was their SRH. Cross-spouse effects varied by gender: When wives retired, their husbands' SRH improved ST, but when husbands retired their wives' SRH improved long term. Spouse education moderated the relationship between years since spouse's retirement and SRH for wives.
Practitioners can use this information to help married couples through retirement planning and transitions. Results suggest that models of retirement in couples should pay greater attention to gender and other social stratification factors, spousal interdependence, and length of time since retirement.
本研究运用相互依赖和社会分层理论框架，考察退休对已婚夫妇自评健康的影响。
对健康与退休调查1992年至2010年的数据（N = 2213对非西班牙裔夫妇）进行二元多层次建模。
在退休后的头几年，退休与丈夫和妻子短期内自评健康状况较差有关。此外，丈夫（而非妻子）退休时间越长，其自评健康状况越差。跨配偶效应因性别而异：妻子退休时，其丈夫的自评健康短期内得到改善，但丈夫退休时，其妻子的自评健康长期得到改善。配偶教育程度调节了妻子自配偶退休以来的年限与自评健康之间的关系。
从业者可以利用这些信息，通过退休规划和过渡来帮助已婚夫妇。结果表明夫妻退休模式应更加关注性别和其他社会分层因素、配偶间的相互依赖以及退休后的时长。
