Lehning Amanda J, Smith Richard J, Dunkle Ruth E
University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
Res Aging. 2014 Jan;36(1):72-94. doi: 10.1177/0164027512469214. Epub 2012 Dec 11.
While a number of organizations and government entities have encouraged the development of more "age-friendly" environments, to date there has been limited research linking these environment features to elder outcomes. Using a representative sample of older adults living in Detroit, this study examined the association between age-friendly environment factors and self-rated health. Results indicated that access to health care, social support, and community engagement were each associated with better self-rated health, while neighborhood problems were associated with poorer self-rated health. Moreover, individual-level income and education no longer predicted self-rated health once age-friendly environment factors were taken into account. These findings highlight the need for more research documenting the effects of age-friendly environments, particularly across diverse contexts and populations.
虽然许多组织和政府实体都鼓励发展更“利于老年人”的环境，但迄今为止，将这些环境特征与老年人的健康状况联系起来的研究还很有限。本研究以底特律的老年人为代表性样本，考察了利于老年人的环境因素与自评健康之间的关联。结果表明，获得医疗保健、社会支持和社区参与都与较好的自评健康相关，而邻里问题则与较差的自评健康相关。此外，一旦考虑到利于老年人的环境因素，个人层面的收入和教育程度就不再能预测自评健康状况。这些发现凸显了开展更多研究以记录利于老年人的环境所产生影响的必要性，尤其是在不同背景和人群中的影响。
