来自土耳其东部伊兹迪尔省的古老葡萄品种（欧亚种葡萄）中的糖类、有机酸和酚类化合物。
Sugars, organic acids, and phenolic compounds of ancient grape cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) from Igdir province of Eastern Turkey.
作者信息
Eyduran Sadiye Peral, Akin Meleksen, Ercisli Sezai, Eyduran Ecevit, Maghradze David
机构信息
Agricultural Faculty, Department of Horticulture, Igdır University, Igdir, Turkey.
Agricultural Faculty, Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
出版信息
Biol Res. 2015 Jan 13;48(1):2. doi: 10.1186/0717-6287-48-2.
BACKGROUND
The Eurasian grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is the most widely cultivated and economically important horticultural crop in the world. As a one of the origin area, Anatolia played an important role in the diversification and spread of the cultivated form V. vinifera ssp. vinifera cultivars and also the wild form V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris ecotypes. Although several biodiversity studies have been conducted with local cultivars in different regions of Anatolia, no information has been reported so far on the biochemical (organic acids, sugars, phenolic acids, vitamin C) and antioxidant diversity of local historical table V. vinifera cultivars grown in Igdir province. In this work, we studied these traits in nine local table grape cultivars viz. 'Beyaz Kismis' (synonym name of Sultanina or Thompson seedless), 'Askeri', 'El Hakki', 'Kirmizi Kismis', 'Inek Emcegi', 'Hacabas', 'Kerim Gandi', 'Yazen Dayi', and 'Miskali' spread in the Igdir province of Eastern part of Turkey.
RESULTS
Variability of all studied parameters is strongly influenced by cultivars (P < 0.01). Among the cultivars investigated, 'Miskali' showed the highest citric acid content (0.959 g/l) while 'Kirmizi Kismis' produced predominant contents in tartaric acid (12.71 g/l). The highest glucose (16.47 g/100 g) and fructose (15.55 g/100 g) contents were provided with 'Beyaz Kismis'. 'Kirmizi Kismis' cultivar had also the highest quercetin (0.55 mg/l), o-coumaric acid (1.90 mg/l), and caffeic acid (2.73 mg/l) content. The highest ferulic acid (0.94 mg/l), and syringic acid (2.00 mg/l) contents were observed with 'Beyaz Kismis' cultivar. The highest antioxidant capacity was obtained as 9.09 μmol TE g(-1) from 'Inek Emcegi' in TEAC (Trolox equivalent Antioxidant Capacity) assay. 'Hacabas' cultivar had the highest vitamin C content of 35.74 mg/100 g.
CONCLUSIONS
Present results illustrated that the historical table grape cultivars grown in Igdir province of Eastern part of Turkey contained diverse and valuable sugars, organic acids, phenolic acids, Vitamin C values and demonstrated important antioxidant capacity for human health benefits. Further preservation and use of this gene pool will be helpful to avoid genetic erosion and to promote continued agriculture in the region.
背景
欧亚葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.）是世界上种植最广泛且经济上最重要的园艺作物。作为起源地之一，安纳托利亚在栽培种葡萄（V. vinifera ssp. vinifera）品种的多样化和传播以及野生种葡萄（V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris）生态型的发展中发挥了重要作用。尽管已经在安纳托利亚不同地区对当地品种进行了多项生物多样性研究，但迄今为止，关于伊格迪尔省种植的当地历史食用葡萄品种的生化特性（有机酸、糖、酚酸、维生素C）和抗氧化多样性尚无相关报道。在本研究中，我们对伊格迪尔省（位于土耳其东部）分布的9个当地食用葡萄品种进行了这些特性的研究，即‘Beyaz Kismis’（又名Sultanina或Thompson seedless）、‘Askeri’、‘El Hakki’、‘Kirmizi Kismis’、‘Inek Emcegi’、‘Hacabas’、‘Kerim Gandi’、‘Yazen Dayi’和‘Miskali’。
结果
所有研究参数的变异性受品种的强烈影响（P < 0.01）。在所研究的品种中，‘Miskali’的柠檬酸含量最高（0.959 g/l），而‘Kirmizi Kismis’的酒石酸含量最高（12.71 g/l）。‘Beyaz Kismis’的葡萄糖（16.47 g/100 g）和果糖（15.55 g/100 g）含量最高。‘Kirmizi Kismis’品种的槲皮素（0.55 mg/l）、邻香豆酸（1.90 mg/l）和咖啡酸（2.73 mg/l）含量也最高。‘Beyaz Kismis’品种的阿魏酸（0.94 mg/l）和丁香酸（2.00 mg/l）含量最高。在TEAC（Trolox等效抗氧化能力）测定中，‘Inek Emcegi’的抗氧化能力最高，为9.09 μmol TE g(-1)。‘Hacabas’品种的维生素C含量最高，为35.74 mg/100 g。
结论
目前的研究结果表明，土耳其东部伊格迪尔省种植的历史食用葡萄品种含有多样且有价值的糖、有机酸、酚酸、维生素C值，并具有对人类健康有益的重要抗氧化能力。进一步保存和利用这个基因库将有助于避免遗传侵蚀，并促进该地区农业的持续发展。
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