Popple Amy, Williams Jason, Maxwell Gavin, Gellatly Nichola, Dearman Rebecca J, Kimber Ian
a Faculty of Life Sciences , University of Manchester , Manchester , UK .
b Contact Dermatitis Investigation Unit , Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust , Salford , Manchester , UK , and.
J Immunotoxicol. 2016;13(1):84-91. doi: 10.3109/1547691X.2015.1008656. Epub 2015 Feb 6.
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is driven by the activation and proliferation of allergen-specific memory T-lymphocytes and is currently diagnosed by patch testing with a selected panel of chemical allergens. The lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) can be used to monitor ex vivo T-lymphocyte responses to antigens, including contact allergens. The LTT is not viewed as being an alternative to patch testing, but it does seek to reflect experimentally skin sensitization to specific chemicals. The LTT is based on stimulation in vitro of antigen-driven T-lymphocyte proliferation. That is, exposure in culture of primed memory T-lymphocytes to the relevant antigen delivered in an appropriate configuration will provoke a secondary response that reflects the acquisition of skin sensitization. The technical aspects of this test and the utility of the approach for investigation of immune responses to contact allergens in humans are reviewed here, with particular emphasis on further development and refinement of the protocol. An important potential application is that it may provide a basis for characterizing those aspects of T-lymphocyte responses to contact allergens that have the greatest influence on skin sensitizing potency and this will be considered in some detail.
过敏性接触性皮炎（ACD）由变应原特异性记忆T淋巴细胞的激活和增殖驱动，目前通过使用一组选定的化学变应原进行斑贴试验来诊断。淋巴细胞转化试验（LTT）可用于监测体外T淋巴细胞对抗原（包括接触性变应原）的反应。LTT不被视为斑贴试验的替代方法，但它确实试图通过实验反映皮肤对特定化学物质的致敏情况。LTT基于体外刺激抗原驱动的T淋巴细胞增殖。也就是说，在培养中使致敏的记忆T淋巴细胞暴露于以适当形式呈现的相关抗原，将引发反映皮肤致敏获得情况的二次反应。本文综述了该试验的技术方面以及该方法在研究人类对接触性变应原的免疫反应中的应用，特别强调了方案的进一步发展和完善。一个重要的潜在应用是，它可能为表征T淋巴细胞对接触性变应原的反应中对皮肤致敏效力影响最大的那些方面提供基础，本文将对此进行详细讨论。
