Farshbaf-Khalili Azizeh, Salehi-Pourmehr Hanieh, Shahnazi Mahnaz, Yaghoubi Sina, Gahremani-Nasab Parvaneh
Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Research Center of Npmc, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Niger Med J. 2015 Jan-Feb;56(1):28-34. doi: 10.4103/0300-1652.149167.
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among Iranian women and among the few cancers that could be easily diagnosed in the pre-malignant stage. We aimed to assess the status of cervical cancer screening in women referred to health care centres in Tabriz, northwest Iran.
This descriptive-analytical study was done on 441 women referred to health care centres of Tabriz, northwest Iran. The centres were selected using the multi-stage cluster sampling method. The participants were selected from the active records of those centres. A questionnaire regarding the socio-demographic characteristics and cervical cancer screening and reasons for referring or not referring for screening was completed by the participants A P < 0.05 was considered as significant.
Out of the participants 49.4% of women had done the Pap smear test while 50.6% had never done this test. The main reason why women had not performed cervical cancer screening was being unaware of the importance of it (46.1%). Logistic regression analysis with adjustment showed a significant relationship between screening and awareness scores (OR = 1.17, CI = 95%:1.12-1.23), when the effect of other confounding factors [total awareness scores, risk factors (marriage or having sexual intercourse at a young age, history of obvious cervical infection, cautery, cryotherapy or repeated curettage), age and type of family planning] in screening was controlled.
Suitable and continuous educational programmes especially for high risk women should be implemented through the health care services. Preparing educational brochures and pamphlets and providing adequate training on the necessity of early referral and marriage counseling could also be effective in improving woman's awareness and performance.
宫颈癌是伊朗女性中第二常见的癌症，也是少数在癌前阶段能够轻易诊断的癌症之一。我们旨在评估伊朗西北部大不里士地区前往医疗保健中心就诊的女性的宫颈癌筛查状况。
这项描述性分析研究针对441名前往伊朗西北部大不里士地区医疗保健中心就诊的女性展开。这些中心采用多阶段整群抽样法选取。参与者从这些中心的活跃记录中挑选。参与者完成了一份关于社会人口学特征、宫颈癌筛查以及转诊或不转诊进行筛查原因的问卷。P<0.05被视为具有统计学意义。
在参与者中，49.4%的女性进行过巴氏涂片检查，而50.6%的女性从未做过此项检查。女性未进行宫颈癌筛查的主要原因是未意识到其重要性（46.1%）。在控制了筛查中其他混杂因素[总知晓得分、危险因素（年轻时结婚或有性行为、明显宫颈感染史、烧灼、冷冻治疗或反复刮宫）、年龄和计划生育类型]的影响后，经调整的逻辑回归分析显示筛查与知晓得分之间存在显著关联（OR = 1.17，CI = 95%：1.12 - 1.23）。
应通过医疗保健服务实施适宜且持续的教育项目，尤其是针对高危女性。编写教育手册和宣传册，并就早期转诊的必要性和婚姻咨询提供充分培训，也可能有效提高女性意识和行为。
