针对有听力损失和无听力损失儿童的言语元音空间特征。
Vowel space characteristics of speech directed to children with and without hearing loss.
作者信息
Wieland Elizabeth A, Burnham Evamarie B, Kondaurova Maria, Bergeson Tonya R, Dilley Laura C
出版信息
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2015 Apr;58(2):254-67. doi: 10.1044/2015_JSLHR-S-13-0250.
PURPOSE
This study examined vowel characteristics in adult-directed (AD) and infant-directed (ID) speech to children with hearing impairment who received cochlear implants or hearing aids compared with speech to children with normal hearing.
METHOD
Mothers' AD and ID speech to children with cochlear implants (Study 1, n=20) or hearing aids (Study 2, n=11) was compared with mothers' speech to controls matched on age and hearing experience. The first and second formants of vowels /i/, /ɑ/, and /u/ were measured, and vowel space area and dispersion were calculated.
RESULTS
In both studies, vowel space was modified in ID compared with AD speech to children with and without hearing loss. Study 1 showed larger vowel space area and dispersion in ID compared with AD speech regardless of infant hearing status. The pattern of effects of ID and AD speech on vowel space characteristics in Study 2 was similar to that in Study 1, but depended partly on children's hearing status.
CONCLUSION
Given previously demonstrated associations between expanded vowel space in ID compared with AD speech and enhanced speech perception skills, this research supports a focus on vowel pronunciation in developing intervention strategies for improving speech-language skills in children with hearing impairment.
目的
本研究考察了与向听力正常儿童讲话相比，向接受人工耳蜗植入或佩戴助听器的听力受损儿童进行成人导向（AD）和婴儿导向（ID）言语时的元音特征。
方法
将母亲对人工耳蜗植入儿童（研究1，n = 20）或佩戴助听器儿童（研究2，n = 11）的AD和ID言语，与母亲对年龄和听力经验相匹配的对照组儿童的言语进行比较。测量元音/i/、/ɑ/和/u/的第一和第二共振峰，并计算元音空间面积和离散度。
结果
在两项研究中，与向有或无听力损失儿童进行的AD言语相比，ID言语中的元音空间均有改变。研究1表明，无论婴儿听力状况如何，与AD言语相比，ID言语中的元音空间面积和离散度更大。研究2中ID和AD言语对元音空间特征的影响模式与研究1相似，但部分取决于儿童的听力状况。
结论
鉴于先前已证明与AD言语相比，ID言语中扩大的元音空间与增强的言语感知技能之间存在关联，本研究支持在制定干预策略以提高听力受损儿童的言语语言技能时，关注元音发音。
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